In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 141
“Incense,” declares the _Soshi-Ryaku_,[1] “is the Messenger of Earnest Desire.
Who acts: Incense · What happens: declare, be · To what, where: Soshi, Messenger · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Incense), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Incense | punct |
| 2 | Incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 declares | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Incense | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Incense | punct |
| 5 | declares | declare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Soshi | det |
| 7 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 8 Soshi | punct |
| 8 | Soshi | Soshi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 declares | obj |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Ryaku | punct |
| 10 | Ryaku | Ryaku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Soshi | conj |
| 11 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 8 Soshi | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Messenger | punct |
| 13 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 14 1 | punct |
| 14 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 Messenger | discourse |
| 15 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 14 1 | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 Messenger | punct |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 Messenger | cop |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Messenger | det |
| 19 | Messenger | Messenger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Soshi | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Desire | case |
| 21 | Earnest | Earnest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Desire | compound |
| 22 | Desire | Desire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Messenger | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 declares | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | declare speech: other | present | Incense | the Soshi and Ryaku and the Messenger | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soshi=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | Incense not said here | the Messenger | of Earnest Desire; 1 discourse | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/141/