In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 170
[4] Girls are still trained in the art of arranging flowers, and in the etiquette of the dainty, though somewhat tedious, _cha-no-yu_.
What happens: train, arrange · To what, where: 4 Girls, art
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 7 trained | punct |
| 2 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Girls | nummod |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 4 | punct |
| 4 | Girls | girl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 trained | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 trained | aux:pass |
| 6 | still | still | ADV | _ | 7 trained | advmod |
| 7 | trained | train | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 art | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 art | det |
| 10 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 trained | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 flowers | case |
| 12 | arranging | arrange | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 flowers | amod |
| 13 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 art | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 etiquette | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 etiquette | cc |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 etiquette | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 etiquette | det |
| 18 | etiquette | etiquette | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 trained | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 dainty | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 dainty | det |
| 21 | dainty | dainty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 etiquette | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 cha | punct |
| 23 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 28 cha | mark |
| 24 | somewhat | somewhat | ADV | _ | 25 tedious | advmod |
| 25 | tedious | tedious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 cha | amod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tedious | punct |
| 27 | _ | _ | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 cha | amod |
| 28 | cha | cha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 trained | parataxis |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 yu | punct |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 32 yu | det |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 no | punct |
| 32 | yu | yu | X | Foreign=Yes | 28 cha | conj |
| 33 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 28 cha | punct |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 trained | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | train | present · passive | 4 Girls | the art of arranging flowers | still | in the etiquette of the dainty; tedious _ cha parataxis | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||
| 2 | arrange | gerund | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/170/