In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 175
There are several kinds of incense-games; but in all of them the contest depends upon the ability to remember and to name different kinds of incense by the perfume alone.
Who acts: several kinds · What happens: be, depend, remember, name · To what, where: all, different kinds
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (several kinds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 are | expl |
| 2 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 kinds | amod |
| 4 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 are | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 games | case |
| 6 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 games | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 incense | punct |
| 8 | games | game | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 kinds | nmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 depends | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 depends | cc |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 all | case |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 depends | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 all | nmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 contest | det |
| 16 | contest | contest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 all | nmod |
| 17 | depends | depend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 are | conj |
| 18 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 20 ability | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 ability | det |
| 20 | ability | ability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 depends | obl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 remember | mark |
| 22 | remember | remember | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 ability | acl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 name | cc |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 name | mark |
| 25 | name | name | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 remember | conj |
| 26 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 kinds | amod |
| 27 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 name | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 incense | case |
| 29 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 kinds | nmod |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 perfume | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 perfume | det |
| 32 | perfume | perfume | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 name | obl |
| 33 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 32 perfume | advmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 are | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | several kinds of incense games | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | depend | present | several kinds of incense games not said here | all of kinds the contest | upon the ability | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | remember | to-infinitive | several kinds of incense games not said here | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | name | to-infinitive | several kinds of incense games not said here | different kinds of incense | by the perfume | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/175/