In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 85
But there are many different versions of the story; and I distrust the _Kibun-Daijin_ because it asserts that the beautiful samurai was not really a man, but a transformed dragon, or water-serpent, that used to inhabit the lake at Uyéno,—_Shinobazu-no-Iké_.
Who acts: many different versions, I, STORY, beautiful samurai, water serpent · What happens: be, distrust, assert, not be, transform, use · To what, where: Kibun, man, lake, Uyéno
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many different versions, I, STORY, beautiful samurai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 are | cc |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 are | expl |
| 3 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 versions | amod |
| 5 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 versions | amod |
| 6 | versions | version | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 are | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 story | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 story | det |
| 9 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 versions | nmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 distrust | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 distrust | cc |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 distrust | nsubj |
| 13 | distrust | distrust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 are | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Kibun | det |
| 15 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 16 Kibun | punct |
| 16 | Kibun | Kibun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 distrust | obj |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 Daijin | punct |
| 18 | Daijin | Daijin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Kibun | conj |
| 19 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 16 Kibun | punct |
| 20 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 22 asserts | mark |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 asserts | nsubj |
| 22 | asserts | assert | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 distrust | advcl |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 man | mark |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 samurai | det |
| 25 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 samurai | amod |
| 26 | samurai | samurai | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 man | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 man | cop |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 man | advmod |
| 29 | really | really | ADV | _ | 31 man | advmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 man | det |
| 31 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 asserts | ccomp |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 dragon | punct |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 dragon | cc |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 dragon | det |
| 35 | transformed | transform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 dragon | amod |
| 36 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 distrust | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 serpent | punct |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 41 serpent | cc |
| 39 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 serpent | compound |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 water | punct |
| 41 | serpent | serpent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 dragon | appos |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 used | punct |
| 43 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 used | nsubj |
| 44 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 serpent | acl:relcl |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 inhabit | mark |
| 46 | inhabit | inhabit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 used | xcomp |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 lake | det |
| 48 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 inhabit | obj |
| 49 | at | at | ADP | _ | 50 Uyéno | case |
| 50 | Uyéno | Uyéno | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 inhabit | obl |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 _ | punct |
| 52 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 53 _ | punct |
| 53 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 36 dragon | punct |
| 54 | Shinobazu | Shinobazu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 _ | flat |
| 55 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 58 Iké | punct |
| 56 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 58 Iké | det |
| 57 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 56 no | punct |
| 58 | Iké | Iké | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Shinobazu | conj |
| 59 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 54 Shinobazu | punct |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 are | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | many different versions of the story | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | distrust | present | I | the Kibun and Daijin | a transformed dragon obl | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kibun=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | assert | present | STORY | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not is a | past | the beautiful samurai | a man | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | transform | participle | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 6 | use | past | water serpent | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | inhabit | to-infinitive | water serpent not said here | the lake | Uyéno | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/85/