In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 8, sentence 2
Recently while looking over a manuscript-collection of verses,—mostly short poems of an emotional or descriptive character,—it occurred to me that a selection from them might serve to illustrate certain Japanese qualities of sentiment, as well as some little-known Japanese theories of artistic expression,—and I ventured forthwith, upon this essay.
Who acts: character, selection, I · What happens: look, occur, serve, illustrate, know, venture · To what, where: short poems, me, certain Japanese qualities
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (character, selection, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Recently | recently | ADV | _ | 3 looking | advmod |
| 2 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 3 looking | mark |
| 3 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 8 collection | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 collection | det |
| 6 | manuscript | manuscript | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 collection | amod |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 manuscript | punct |
| 8 | collection | collection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 looking | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 verses | case |
| 10 | verses | verse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 collection | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 looking | punct |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 poems | punct |
| 13 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 14 short | advmod |
| 14 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 poems | amod |
| 15 | poems | poem | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 looking | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 character | case |
| 17 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 character | det |
| 18 | emotional | emotional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 character | amod |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 descriptive | cc |
| 20 | descriptive | descriptive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 emotional | conj |
| 21 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 poems | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 occurred | punct |
| 23 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 occurred | punct |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 occurred | nsubj |
| 25 | occurred | occur | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 poems | acl:relcl |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 me | case |
| 27 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 occurred | obl |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 serve | mark |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 selection | det |
| 30 | selection | selection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 serve | nsubj |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 them | case |
| 32 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 selection | nmod |
| 33 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 serve | aux |
| 34 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 occurred | advcl |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 illustrate | mark |
| 36 | illustrate | illustrate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 serve | xcomp |
| 37 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 qualities | amod |
| 38 | Japanese | Japanese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 qualities | amod |
| 39 | qualities | quality | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 illustrate | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 sentiment | case |
| 41 | sentiment | sentiment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 qualities | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 theories | punct |
| 43 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 51 theories | cc |
| 44 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 43 as | fixed |
| 45 | as | as | ADP | _ | 43 as | fixed |
| 46 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 51 theories | det |
| 47 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 known | compound |
| 48 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 little | punct |
| 49 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 51 theories | amod |
| 50 | Japanese | Japanese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 theories | amod |
| 51 | theories | theory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 illustrate | obl |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 expression | case |
| 53 | artistic | artistic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 expression | amod |
| 54 | expression | expression | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 theories | nmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 theories | punct |
| 56 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 59 ventured | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 ventured | cc |
| 58 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 59 ventured | nsubj |
| 59 | ventured | venture | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 poems | conj |
| 60 | forthwith | forthwith | ADV | _ | 59 ventured | advmod |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 essay | punct |
| 62 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 64 essay | case |
| 63 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 64 essay | det |
| 64 | essay | essay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 ventured | obl |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 looking | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | gerund | short poems of a emotional character | over a manuscript collection of verses; recently property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent over collection=Theme | ||||
| 2 | occur | past | character | short poems of a emotional character not said here | me | tree rules | |||
| 3 | serve | might | a selection from poems | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | illustrate | to-infinitive | a selection from poems not said here | certain Japanese qualities of sentiment | some known Japanese theories of artistic expression obl | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quality=Destination | |||
| 5 | know | participle | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 6 | venture | past | I | upon this essay; forthwith property | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/10/2/