In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 8, sentence 3
The poems, which had been collected for me by different persons at many different times and places, were chiefly of the kind written on particular occasions, and cast into forms more serried, if not also actually briefer, than anything in Western prosody.
Who acts: different persons, poems · What happens: collect, write, be, cast, serry · To what, where: poems, kind written particular occasions, forms
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (different persons, poems), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 poems | det |
| 2 | poems | poem | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 occasions | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 collected | punct |
| 4 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 collected | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 collected | aux |
| 6 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 collected | aux:pass |
| 7 | collected | collect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 poems | acl |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 me | case |
| 9 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 collected | obl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 persons | case |
| 11 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 persons | amod |
| 12 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 collected | obl |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 times | case |
| 14 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 times | amod |
| 15 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 times | amod |
| 16 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 persons | nmod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 places | cc |
| 18 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 times | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 poems | punct |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 occasions | cop |
| 21 | chiefly | chiefly | ADV | _ | 28 occasions | advmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 occasions | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 occasions | det |
| 24 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 occasions | amod |
| 25 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 occasions | amod |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 occasions | case |
| 27 | particular | particular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 occasions | amod |
| 28 | occasions | occasion | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 cast | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 cast | cc |
| 31 | cast | cast | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 occasions | acl |
| 32 | into | into | ADP | _ | 33 forms | case |
| 33 | forms | form | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 cast | obl |
| 34 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 35 serried | advmod |
| 35 | serried | serry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 forms | acl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 briefer | punct |
| 37 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 41 briefer | mark |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 41 briefer | advmod |
| 39 | also | also | ADV | _ | 41 briefer | advmod |
| 40 | actually | actually | ADV | _ | 41 briefer | advmod |
| 41 | briefer | brief | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 cast | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 anything | punct |
| 43 | than | than | ADP | _ | 44 anything | case |
| 44 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 41 briefer | obl |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 prosody | case |
| 46 | Western | western | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 prosody | amod |
| 47 | prosody | prosody | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 anything | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 28 occasions | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | collect | past · perfect · passive | different persons at many different times and places | the poems | for me | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | write | participle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | is | past | the poems | of the kind written particular occasions; chiefly property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cast | participle | the kind written particular occasions not said here | forms | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into form=Product | ||||
| 5 | serry | participle | forms not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/10/3/