In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 8, sentence 41
[1] I must observe, however, that the praise was especially evoked by the use of the term _koë-goë_—(literally meaning “voice after voice” or a crying of many voices);—and the special value of the syllables here can be appreciated only by a Japanese poet.
Who acts: I, use · What happens: observe, evoke, mean, appreciate, use, cry · To what, where: praise, voice, special value, term koë goë, many voices, syllables
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, use), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 6 observe | punct |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 observe | discourse |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 1 | punct |
| 4 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 observe | nsubj |
| 5 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 observe | aux |
| 6 | observe | observe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 however | punct |
| 8 | however | however | ADV | _ | 6 observe | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 evoked | punct |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 evoked | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 praise | det |
| 12 | praise | praise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 evoked | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 evoked | aux:pass |
| 14 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 15 evoked | advmod |
| 15 | evoked | evoke | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 observe | parataxis |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 use | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 use | det |
| 18 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 evoked | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 goë | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 goë | det |
| 21 | term | term | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 goë | compound |
| 22 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 term | punct |
| 23 | koë | koë | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 goë | compound |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 goë | punct |
| 25 | goë | goë | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 use | nmod |
| 26 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 15 evoked | punct |
| 27 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 meaning | punct |
| 28 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 30 meaning | punct |
| 29 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 30 meaning | advmod |
| 30 | meaning | mean | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 observe | advcl |
| 31 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 voice | punct |
| 32 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 meaning | obj |
| 33 | after | after | ADP | _ | 34 voice | case |
| 34 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 voice | nmod |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 voice | punct |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 crying | cc |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 crying | det |
| 38 | crying | crying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 voice | conj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 voices | case |
| 40 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 voices | amod |
| 41 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 crying | nmod |
| 42 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 voice | punct |
| 43 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 6 observe | punct |
| 44 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 55 appreciated | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 appreciated | cc |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 value | det |
| 47 | special | special | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 value | amod |
| 48 | value | value | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 appreciated | nsubj:pass |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 syllables | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 syllables | det |
| 51 | syllables | syllable | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 value | nmod |
| 52 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 51 syllables | advmod |
| 53 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 55 appreciated | aux |
| 54 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 55 appreciated | aux:pass |
| 55 | appreciated | appreciate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 observe | parataxis |
| 56 | only | only | ADV | _ | 60 poet | advmod |
| 57 | by | by | ADP | _ | 60 poet | case |
| 58 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 60 poet | det |
| 59 | Japanese | Japanese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 poet | amod |
| 60 | poet | poet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 appreciated | advcl |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 observe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | must | I | 1 discourse; however property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | evoke | past · passive | the use of the term koë goë | the praise | especially property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | mean | gerund | I not said here | voice or a crying of many voices | after voice | literally property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Topic | ||
| 4 | appreciate | can · passive | the special value of the syllables | a Japanese poet advcl | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | use | the term koë goë | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | cry | many voices | nom crying «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | value | the syllables | nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/10/41/