In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 13
The other curiosity is a recent impromptu effort to portray, in one verse of seventeen syllables, the last degree of devil-may-care-poverty,—perhaps the brave misery of the wandering student;—and I very much doubt whether the effort could be improved upon:—
Who acts: other curiosity, I · What happens: be, portray, wonder, doubt, improve, verse · To what, where: recent impromptu effort, effort, seventeen syllables
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other curiosity, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 curiosity | det |
| 2 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 curiosity | amod |
| 3 | curiosity | curiosity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 effort | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 effort | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 effort | det |
| 6 | recent | recent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 effort | amod |
| 7 | impromptu | impromptu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 effort | compound |
| 8 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 portray | mark |
| 10 | portray | portray | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 effort | acl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 verse | punct |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 verse | case |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 verse | nummod |
| 14 | verse | verse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 effort | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 syllables | case |
| 16 | seventeen | seventeen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 syllables | nummod |
| 17 | syllables | syllable | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 verse | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 degree | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 degree | det |
| 20 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 degree | amod |
| 21 | degree | degree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 effort | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 poverty | case |
| 23 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 poverty | nsubj |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 devil | punct |
| 25 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 poverty | aux |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 care | punct |
| 27 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 poverty | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 care | punct |
| 29 | poverty | poverty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 degree | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 misery | punct |
| 31 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 misery | punct |
| 32 | perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 35 misery | advmod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 misery | det |
| 34 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 misery | amod |
| 35 | misery | misery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 effort | conj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 student | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 student | det |
| 38 | wandering | wonder | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 student | amod |
| 39 | student | student | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 misery | nmod |
| 40 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 effort | punct |
| 41 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 doubt | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 doubt | cc |
| 43 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 46 doubt | nsubj |
| 44 | very | very | ADV | _ | 45 much | advmod |
| 45 | much | much | ADV | _ | 46 doubt | advmod |
| 46 | doubt | doubt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 effort | conj |
| 47 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 52 improved | mark |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 effort | det |
| 49 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 improved | nsubj |
| 50 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 52 improved | aux |
| 51 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 52 improved | aux:pass |
| 52 | improved | improve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 46 doubt | acl |
| 53 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 52 improved | obl |
| 54 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 effort | punct |
| 55 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 effort | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the other curiosity | a recent impromptu effort and one verse of seventeen syllables and the last degree of care poverty devil and the brave misery of the wandering student and doubt | one verse of seventeen syllables conj; the last degree of care poverty devil conj; the brave misery of the wandering student conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | portray | to-infinitive | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | wonder speech: ask | gerund | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | doubt | I | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | improve | could · passive | the effort | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | verse | seventeen syllables | nom verse «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/13/