In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 92
[55] Popular Buddhism teaches that to be born in the world of mankind, and especially among a people professing Buddhism, is a very great privilege.
Who acts: Popular Buddhism, people · What happens: teach, bear, profess, be · To what, where: that, world, Buddhism, great privilege
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Popular Buddhism, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 55 | punct |
| 2 | 55 | 55 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Popular | nummod |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 55 | punct |
| 4 | Popular | popular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 Buddhism | amod |
| 5 | Buddhism | Buddhism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 teaches | nsubj |
| 6 | teaches | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 teaches | obj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 born | mark |
| 9 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 born | aux:pass |
| 10 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 teaches | advcl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 world | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 world | det |
| 13 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 born | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 mankind | case |
| 15 | mankind | mankind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 world | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 people | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 people | cc |
| 18 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 21 people | advmod |
| 19 | among | among | ADP | _ | 21 people | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 people | det |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 born | obl |
| 22 | professing | profess | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 people | acl |
| 23 | Buddhism | Buddhism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 professing | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 privilege | punct |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 privilege | cop |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 privilege | det |
| 27 | very | very | ADV | _ | 28 great | advmod |
| 28 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 privilege | amod |
| 29 | privilege | privilege | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 teaches | parataxis |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 teaches | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | teach speech: other | present | Popular Buddhism | that | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent that=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | bear | to-infinitive · passive | Popular Buddhism not said here | the world of mankind | among a people | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» | |||
| 3 | profess | gerund | a people not said here | Buddhism | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent buddhism=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | a great privilege | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/92/