In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 14
He had not proceeded very far when he saw a strange monk come out of a bamboo-grove by the road-side, and hasten towards him.
Who acts: act, strange monk · What happens: not proceed, see, come out, hasten · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (act, strange monk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 proceeded | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 proceeded | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 proceeded | advmod |
| 4 | proceeded | proceed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 far | advmod |
| 6 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 proceeded | advmod |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 saw | advmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 saw | nsubj |
| 9 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 proceeded | advcl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 monk | det |
| 11 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 monk | amod |
| 12 | monk | monk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | nsubj |
| 13 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 saw | ccomp |
| 14 | out | out | ADV | _ | 13 come | advmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 grove | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 grove | det |
| 17 | bamboo | bamboo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 grove | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 bamboo | punct |
| 19 | grove | grove | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | obl |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 side | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 side | det |
| 22 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 side | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 road | punct |
| 24 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 hasten | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hasten | cc |
| 27 | hasten | hasten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 proceeded | conj |
| 28 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 29 him | case |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 hasten | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 proceeded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not proceed | past · perfect | act | far property | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | see | past | act | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | come out | present | a strange monk | of a bamboo grove; by the road side; out property | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | hasten | infinitive | act not said here | towards act | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards he=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/14/