In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 4

There are different kinds of Tengu; but all are supposed to be mountain-haunting spirits, capable of assuming many forms, and occasionally appearing as crows, vultures, or eagles.

Who acts: different kinds · What happens: be, suppose, assume, appear · To what, where: all, haunting spirits, many forms

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (different kinds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 are	expl
2	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 kinds	amod
4	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 are	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Tengu	case
6	Tengu	Tengu	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 kinds	nmod
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 supposed	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 supposed	cc
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 supposed	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 supposed	aux:pass
11	supposed	suppose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 are	parataxis
12	to	to	PART	_	17 spirits	mark
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 spirits	cop
14	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 haunting	compound
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 mountain	punct
16	haunting	haunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 spirits	compound
17	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 supposed	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 capable	punct
19	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 spirits	amod
20	of	of	SCONJ	_	21 assuming	mark
21	assuming	assume	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	19 capable	advcl
22	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 forms	amod
23	forms	form	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 assuming	obj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 appearing	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 appearing	cc
26	occasionally	occasionally	ADV	_	27 appearing	advmod
27	appearing	appear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	21 assuming	conj
28	as	as	ADP	_	29 crows	case
29	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 appearing	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 vultures	punct
31	vultures	vulture	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 crows	conj
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 eagles	punct
33	or	or	CCONJ	_	34 eagles	cc
34	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 crows	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 are	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	does	present	different kinds of Tengu		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	suppose	present · passive		all			vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute
3	is a	to-infinitive		haunting spirits			tree rules
4	assume	gerund		many forms			vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Theme
5	appear	gerund				as crows and vultures or eagles; occasionally property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/4/

🌲 In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 4

The tree

Pragmatics

In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 4