In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 86
I happened to be at Yaidzu during the three days of the _Bon_ or Festival of the Dead; and I hoped to see the beautiful farewell ceremony of the third and last day.
Who acts: I · What happens: happen, be, hope, see · To what, where: Yaidzu, beautiful farewell ceremony
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 Yaidzu | mark |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 Yaidzu | cop |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 Yaidzu | case |
| 6 | Yaidzu | Yaidzu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 happened | obl |
| 7 | during | during | ADP | _ | 10 days | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 days | det |
| 9 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 days | nummod |
| 10 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 happened | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Bon | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Bon | det |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 Bon | punct |
| 14 | Bon | Bon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 days | nmod |
| 15 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 14 Bon | punct |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 Festival | cc |
| 17 | Festival | Festival | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Bon | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Dead | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Dead | det |
| 20 | Dead | Dead | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Festival | nmod |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 hoped | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 hoped | cc |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 hoped | nsubj |
| 24 | hoped | hope | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 happened | conj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 see | mark |
| 26 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 hoped | xcomp |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 ceremony | det |
| 28 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 ceremony | amod |
| 29 | farewell | farewell | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 ceremony | amod |
| 30 | ceremony | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 see | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 day | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 day | det |
| 33 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 36 day | amod |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 last | cc |
| 35 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 third | conj |
| 36 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 ceremony | nmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | I | day | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | to-infinitive | Yaidzu | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | hope | past | I | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | see not said to happen | to-infinitive | I not said here | the beautiful farewell ceremony of the third day | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ceremony=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/86/