In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 92
I was much disappointed: I felt that I had lazily missed an opportunity which might never again return,—for these old Bon-customs are dying rapidly.
Who acts: I · What happens: be, feel, miss, return, die · To what, where: opportunity
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 disappointed | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 disappointed | cop |
| 3 | much | much | ADV | _ | 4 disappointed | advmod |
| 4 | disappointed | disappointed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 felt | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 felt | nsubj |
| 7 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 disappointed | conj |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 missed | mark |
| 9 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 missed | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 missed | aux |
| 11 | lazily | lazily | ADV | _ | 12 missed | advmod |
| 12 | missed | miss | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 felt | ccomp |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 opportunity | det |
| 14 | opportunity | opportunity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 missed | obj |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 return | obj |
| 16 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 return | aux |
| 17 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 18 again | advmod |
| 18 | again | again | ADV | _ | 19 return | advmod |
| 19 | return | return | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 opportunity | acl:relcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 dying | punct |
| 21 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 dying | punct |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 customs | case |
| 23 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 27 customs | nsubj |
| 24 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 customs | amod |
| 25 | Bon | Bon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 customs | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 Bon | punct |
| 27 | customs | custom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 dying | obl |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 dying | aux |
| 29 | dying | die | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 felt | advcl |
| 30 | rapidly | rapidly | ADV | _ | 29 dying | advmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 disappointed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | I | disappointed property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | feel | past | I | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | miss | past · perfect | I | a opportunity | lazily property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer opportunity=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | return | might | a opportunity | again; never | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme | ||||
| 5 | die | present · progressive | I not said here | for old Bon customs these; rapidly property | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for custom=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/92/