In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 44
But formerly it was used to summon spirits as well as to banish them.
What happens: use, summon, banish · To what, where: fragrance, spirits
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 used | cc |
| 2 | formerly | formerly | ADV | _ | 5 used | advmod |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 used | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 used | aux:pass |
| 5 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 summon | mark |
| 7 | summon | summon | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 used | xcomp |
| 8 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 summon | obj |
| 9 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=ADV | 7 summon | advmod |
| 10 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 as | fixed |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 as | fixed |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 banish | mark |
| 13 | banish | banish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 summon | advcl |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 banish | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past · passive | fragrance | formerly property | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | summon | to-infinitive | spirits | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | banish | to-infinitive | spirits = spirit | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/44/