In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 68
[6] Among the curious Tōkyō inventions of 1898 was a new variety of cigarettes called _Hangon-sō_, or “Herb of Hangon,”—a name suggesting that their smoke operated like the spirit-summoning incense.
Who acts: 6, cigarettes, smoke, names · What happens: be, call, suggest, operate, summon, smoke · To what, where: new variety, Hangon sō, name, smoke · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (6, cigarettes, smoke, names), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 6 | punct |
| 2 | 6 | 6 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 variety | nsubj |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 6 | punct |
| 4 | Among | among | ADP | _ | 8 inventions | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 inventions | det |
| 6 | curious | curious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 inventions | amod |
| 7 | Tōkyō | Tōkyō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 inventions | compound |
| 8 | inventions | invention | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 6 | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 1898 | case |
| 10 | 1898 | 1898 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 inventions | nmod |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 variety | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 variety | det |
| 13 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 variety | amod |
| 14 | variety | variety | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 cigarettes | case |
| 16 | cigarettes | cigarette | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 variety | nmod |
| 17 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 cigarettes | acl |
| 18 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 sō | punct |
| 19 | Hangon | Hangon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 sō | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 Hangon | punct |
| 21 | sō | sō | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 called | obl |
| 22 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 called | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Herb | punct |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 Herb | cc |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Herb | punct |
| 26 | Herb | herb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 variety | parataxis |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Hangon | case |
| 28 | Hangon | Hangon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Herb | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Herb | punct |
| 30 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Herb | punct |
| 31 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 name | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 name | det |
| 33 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 variety | conj |
| 34 | suggesting | suggest | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 name | acl |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 smoke | mark |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 smoke | nmod:poss |
| 37 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 suggesting | obj |
| 38 | operated | operate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 smoke | acl |
| 39 | like | like | ADP | _ | 44 incense | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 incense | det |
| 41 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 summoning | compound |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 spirit | punct |
| 43 | summoning | summon | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 44 incense | amod |
| 44 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 operated | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 variety | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | 6 among the curious Tōkyō inventions of 1898 | a new variety and a name | of cigarettes; Herb of Hangon parataxis; a name conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | call | participle | cigarettes not said here | Hangon sō | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | suggest speech: suggest | gerund | names's smoke | a name not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent name=Topic | ||||
| 4 | operate | participle | names's smoke not said here | like the summoning incense | vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | summon | gerund | spirit compound | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | smoke | names = name | nom smoke «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/68/