In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 77

During his youth he had been in the service of a wealthy daimyō, but subsequently, like thousands of other samurai, found himself reduced to desperate straits by the social and political changes of Meiji.

Who acts: burning, Meiji · What happens: be, find, reduce, change · To what, where: service, burning

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (burning, Meiji), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	During	during	ADP	_	3 youth	case
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 youth	nmod:poss
3	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 service	obl
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 service	nsubj
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 service	aux
6	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 service	cop
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 service	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 service	det
9	service	service	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 daimyō	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 daimyō	det
12	wealthy	wealthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 daimyō	amod
13	daimyō	daimyō	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 service	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 found	punct
15	but	but	CCONJ	_	24 found	cc
16	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	24 found	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 subsequently	punct
18	like	like	ADP	_	19 thousands	case
19	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 found	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 samurai	case
21	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 samurai	amod
22	samurai	samurai	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 thousands	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 thousands	punct
24	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 service	parataxis
25	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	24 found	obj
26	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	24 found	xcomp
27	to	to	ADP	_	29 straits	case
28	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 straits	amod
29	straits	strait	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 reduced	obl
30	by	by	ADP	_	35 changes	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 changes	det
32	social	social	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 changes	amod
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 political	cc
34	political	political	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 social	conj
35	changes	change	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 reduced	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	37 Meiji	case
37	Meiji	Meiji	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 changes	nmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 service	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past · perfect	burning		the service	during burning's youth	of a wealthy daimyō	tree rules
2	find	past		burning			like thousands of other samurai; subsequently property	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent himself=Attribute clause=Theme
3	reduce	participle	burning not said here				to desperate straits result; by the social changes of Meiji	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2 «NP V NP.patient PP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: agent=Causer to strait=Result by change=Extent
4	change		Meiji					nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/77/

🌲 In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 77

The tree

Pragmatics

In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 77