In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 121
In Mr. Henry Clarke Warren’s _Buddhism in Translations_ (the most interesting and valuable single volume of its kind that I have ever seen), there is a Pali version of the legend, which differs considerably from the above.—This Nanda, according to Mr. Warren’s work, was a prince, and the younger half-brother of Sâkyamuni.
Who acts: kind, Pali version, legend · What happens: see, be, differ, accord · To what, where: Henry, prince
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kind, Pali version, legend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 Henry | case |
| 2 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Henry | nmod:desc |
| 3 | Henry | Henry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 is | obl |
| 4 | Clarke | Clarke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Henry | flat |
| 5 | Warren | Warren | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Buddhism | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 Warren | case |
| 7 | _ | _ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Buddhism | compound |
| 8 | Buddhism | Buddhism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Henry | conj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 Translations | case |
| 10 | Translations | translation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 Henry | nmod |
| 11 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 Translations | punct |
| 12 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 19 volume | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 volume | det |
| 14 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 15 interesting | advmod |
| 15 | interesting | interesting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 volume | amod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 valuable | cc |
| 17 | valuable | valuable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 interesting | conj |
| 18 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 volume | amod |
| 19 | volume | volume | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Translations | appos |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 kind | case |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 kind | nmod:poss |
| 22 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 volume | nmod |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 seen | nsubj |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 27 seen | nsubj |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 seen | aux |
| 26 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 27 seen | advmod |
| 27 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 kind | acl:relcl |
| 28 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 19 volume | punct |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Henry | punct |
| 30 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 31 is | expl |
| 31 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 version | det |
| 33 | Pali | pali | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 version | amod |
| 34 | version | version | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 is | nsubj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 legend | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 legend | det |
| 37 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 version | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 differs | punct |
| 39 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 differs | nsubj |
| 40 | differs | differ | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 legend | acl:relcl |
| 41 | considerably | considerably | ADV | _ | 40 differs | advmod |
| 42 | from | from | ADP | _ | 44 above | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 above | det |
| 44 | above | above | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 considerably | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 is | punct |
| 46 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 48 Nanda | punct |
| 47 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 48 Nanda | det |
| 48 | Nanda | Nanda | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 is | parataxis |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 work | punct |
| 50 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 53 Warren | case |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 according | fixed |
| 52 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 Warren | nmod:desc |
| 53 | Warren | Warren | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 work | compound |
| 54 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 53 Warren | case |
| 55 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 Nanda | appos |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 prince | punct |
| 57 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 59 prince | cop |
| 58 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 59 prince | det |
| 59 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 Nanda | appos |
| 60 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 brother | punct |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 brother | cc |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 brother | det |
| 63 | younger | young | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 66 brother | amod |
| 64 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 66 brother | compound |
| 65 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 64 half | punct |
| 66 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 Nanda | appos |
| 67 | of | of | ADP | _ | 68 Sâkyamuni | case |
| 68 | Sâkyamuni | Sâkyamuni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 66 brother | nmod |
| 69 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 is | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | present · perfect | volume's kind | ever | I nsubj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | be | present | a Pali version of the legend | Henry Mr. in Translations and Warren's _ Buddhism; there | this Nanda parataxis | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in henry=Location | |||
| 3 | differ | present | the legend | considerably property | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | is a | past | a prince | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/4/121/