In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 10
Tomozō wondered as he listened,—because the language of the woman was not the language of a common woman, but the language of a lady of rank.
Who acts: Tomozō, language · What happens: wonder, listen, not be · To what, where: language · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tomozō, language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tomozō | Tomozō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 wondered | nsubj |
| 2 | wondered | wonder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 listened | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 listened | nsubj |
| 5 | listened | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 wondered | ccomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 listened | punct |
| 7 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 language | punct |
| 8 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 17 language | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 language | det |
| 10 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 language | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 woman | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 woman | det |
| 13 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 language | nmod |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 language | cop |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 language | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 language | det |
| 17 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wondered | parataxis |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 woman | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 woman | det |
| 20 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 woman | amod |
| 21 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 language | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 language | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 language | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 language | det |
| 25 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 language | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 lady | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 lady | det |
| 28 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 language | nmod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 rank | case |
| 30 | rank | rank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 lady | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 wondered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wonder speech: ask | past | Tomozō | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | listen | past | Tomozō | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | not is a | past | the language of the woman | the language but the language of a lady of rank | of a common woman | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/10/