In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 9
Then clinging closely to him, with her lips at his neck, she caressed him; and he returned her caresses.
Who acts: Shinzaburō, father · What happens: cling, caress, return · To what, where: father, caresses
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shinzaburō, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 clinging | advmod |
| 2 | clinging | cling | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 caressed | advcl |
| 3 | closely | closely | ADV | _ | 2 clinging | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 clinging | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 lips | punct |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 lips | case |
| 8 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 lips | nmod:poss |
| 9 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 clinging | obl |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 neck | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 neck | nmod:poss |
| 12 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 lips | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 clinging | punct |
| 14 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 caressed | nsubj |
| 15 | caressed | caress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 caressed | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 returned | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 returned | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 returned | nsubj |
| 20 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 caressed | conj |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 caresses | nmod:poss |
| 22 | caresses | caress | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 returned | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 caressed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cling | gerund | Shinzaburō not said here | father | then | with Shinzaburō's lips at father's neck; closely property | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to he=Co-Theme | ||
| 2 | caress | past | Shinzaburō | father | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | return | past | father | Shinzaburō's caresses | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caress=Theme | ||||
| 4 | caress | Shinzaburō | nom caress «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/9/