In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 14
For the face was the face of a woman long dead,—and the fingers caressing were fingers of naked bone,—and of the body below the waist there was not anything: it melted off into thinnest trailing shadow.
Who acts: fingers, face · What happens: be, caress, not be, melt off, trail · To what, where: face, fingers, anything, thinnest trailing shadow
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fingers, face), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 face | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 face | det |
| 3 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 face | obl |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 face | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 face | det |
| 6 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 anything | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 woman | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 woman | det |
| 9 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 face | nmod |
| 10 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 dead | amod |
| 11 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 woman | amod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 face | punct |
| 13 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 fingers | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 fingers | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 fingers | det |
| 16 | fingers | finger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 fingers | nsubj |
| 17 | caressing | caress | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 fingers | acl |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 fingers | cop |
| 19 | fingers | finger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 was | nsubj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 bone | case |
| 21 | naked | naked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 bone | amod |
| 22 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fingers | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 body | punct |
| 24 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 body | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 body | cc |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 body | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 body | det |
| 28 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fingers | conj |
| 29 | below | below | ADP | _ | 31 waist | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 waist | det |
| 31 | waist | waist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 body | nmod |
| 32 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 33 was | expl |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 anything | cop |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 anything | advmod |
| 35 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | root | root |
| 36 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 38 melted | punct |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 melted | nsubj |
| 38 | melted | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 anything | acl:relcl |
| 39 | off | off | ADP | _ | 38 melted | compound:prt |
| 40 | into | into | ADP | _ | 43 shadow | case |
| 41 | thinnest | thin | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 43 shadow | amod |
| 42 | trailing | trail | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 43 shadow | amod |
| 43 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 melted | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 anything | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the face | for the face; of a woman | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | caress | gerund | the fingers not said here | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | the fingers | fingers and the body below the waist | of naked bone; the body below the waist conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | not is a | past | the face | anything | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | melt off | past | face | thinnest trailing shadow | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material into shadow=Product | ||||
| 6 | trail | gerund | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/14/