In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 38
Why, the simple fact that you long supposed O-Tsuyu to be dead, and repeated the _Nembutsu_ for her, and made offerings before her tablet, is itself the proof!…
Who acts: you · What happens: long, suppose, be, repeat, make · To what, where: simple fact, Nembutsu, offerings, proof
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 supposed | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 fact | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 fact | det |
| 4 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 fact | amod |
| 5 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 supposed | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 long | mark |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 long | nsubj |
| 8 | long | long | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fact | acl |
| 9 | supposed | suppose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 proof | advcl |
| 10 | O | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 12 Tsuyu | case |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 O | punct |
| 12 | Tsuyu | Tsuyu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 supposed | obl |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 dead | mark |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 dead | cop |
| 15 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 supposed | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 repeated | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 repeated | cc |
| 18 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 supposed | parataxis |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Nembutsu | det |
| 20 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 Nembutsu | punct |
| 21 | Nembutsu | Nembutsu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 repeated | obj |
| 22 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 Nembutsu | punct |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 her | case |
| 24 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 repeated | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 made | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 made | cc |
| 27 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 repeated | conj |
| 28 | offerings | offering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 made | obj |
| 29 | before | before | ADP | _ | 31 tablet | case |
| 30 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 tablet | nmod:poss |
| 31 | tablet | tablet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 made | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 supposed | punct |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 proof | cop |
| 34 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 36 proof | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 proof | det |
| 36 | proof | proof | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 37 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 36 proof | punct |
| 38 | … | . | PUNCT | _ | 36 proof | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | long | present | you | the simple fact not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | suppose | participle · passive | the simple fact | of Tsuyu | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | is | to-infinitive | dead property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | repeat | past | the Nembutsu | for Tsuyu | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nembutsu=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | make | past | offerings | before Tsuyu's tablet | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset offering=Product | ||||
| 6 | is a | present | the proof | fact obl:unmarked | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/38/