In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 128
“The characters are not easy to make out,” said my friend—“but wait!”….
Who acts: characters, friend · What happens: not be, make out, say, wait · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (characters, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 easy | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 characters | det |
| 3 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 easy | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 easy | cop |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 easy | advmod |
| 6 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 said | ccomp |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 make | mark |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 easy | csubj |
| 9 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 make | compound:prt |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 easy | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 easy | punct |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 friend | nmod:poss |
| 14 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj |
| 15 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 wait | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 wait | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 wait | cc |
| 18 | wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 19 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 18 wait | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 wait | punct |
| 21 | …. | .. | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is in a quote | present | the characters | easy property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make out in a quote | to-infinitive | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 3 | say speech: express | past | my friend | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | wait in a quote | infinitive | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/128/