In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 129
He drew from his sleeve a sheet of soft white paper, laid it over the inscription, and began to rub the paper with a lump of clay.
Who acts: friend · What happens: draw, lay, begin, rub · To what, where: sheet, sleeve, inscription, paper
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 drew | nsubj |
| 2 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 sleeve | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 sleeve | nmod:poss |
| 5 | sleeve | sleeve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 drew | obl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 sheet | det |
| 7 | sheet | sheet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 drew | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 paper | case |
| 9 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 paper | amod |
| 10 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 paper | amod |
| 11 | paper | paper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sheet | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 laid | punct |
| 13 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 drew | conj |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 laid | obj |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 17 inscription | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 inscription | det |
| 17 | inscription | inscription | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 laid | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 began | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 began | cc |
| 20 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 drew | conj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 rub | mark |
| 22 | rub | rub | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 began | xcomp |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 paper | det |
| 24 | paper | paper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 rub | obj |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 lump | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 lump | det |
| 27 | lump | lump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 rub | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 clay | case |
| 29 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lump | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | friend | a sheet of soft white paper | friend's sleeve | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent sheet=Theme from sleeve=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | lay | past | friend not said here | sheet | the inscription | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme over inscription=Destination | |||
| 3 | begin | past | friend not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | rub | to-infinitive | friend not said here | the paper | with a lump of clay | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent paper=Destination with lump=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/129/