In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 16
And Tomozō, out of fear, as often promised her to take away the _o-fuda_ before the next sundown; but never by day could he make up his mind to remove it,—believing that evil was intended to Shinzaburō.
Who acts: Tomozō, mind · What happens: promise, take away, make up, remove, believe, intend · To what, where: person, fuda _, mind, evil, Shinzaburō · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tomozō, mind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 promised | cc |
| 2 | Tomozō | Tomozō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 promised | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 fear | punct |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 6 fear | case |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 fear | case |
| 6 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Tomozō | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 promised | punct |
| 8 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 promised | mark |
| 9 | often | often | ADV | _ | 10 promised | advmod |
| 10 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 promised | iobj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 take | mark |
| 13 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 promised | xcomp |
| 14 | away | away | ADP | _ | 13 take | compound:prt |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 _ | det |
| 16 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 20 _ | punct |
| 17 | o | o | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fuda | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 o | punct |
| 19 | fuda | fuda | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 _ | compound |
| 20 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 take | obj |
| 21 | before | before | ADP | _ | 24 sundown | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 sundown | det |
| 23 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 sundown | amod |
| 24 | sundown | sundown | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 take | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 make | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 make | cc |
| 27 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 29 day | advmod |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 day | case |
| 29 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 make | obl:unmarked |
| 30 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 make | aux |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 make | nsubj |
| 32 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 promised | parataxis |
| 33 | up | up | ADP | _ | 32 make | compound:prt |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 mind | nmod:poss |
| 35 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 make | obj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 remove | mark |
| 37 | remove | remove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 make | xcomp |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 remove | obj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 believing | punct |
| 40 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 believing | punct |
| 41 | believing | believe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 remove | advcl |
| 42 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 evil | det |
| 43 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 intended | nsubj:pass |
| 44 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 intended | aux:pass |
| 45 | intended | intend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 believing | ccomp |
| 46 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 Shinzaburō | case |
| 47 | Shinzaburō | Shinzaburō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 intended | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 promised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | promise speech: promise | past | Tomozō | person | often property | vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | take away not said to happen | to-infinitive | Tomozō not said here | the fuda _ | before the next sundown | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent _=Theme | |||
| 3 | make up | could | Tomozō | Tomozō's mind | day | tree rules | |||
| 4 | remove | to-infinitive | Tomozō's mind not said here | mind | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 5 | believe | gerund | Tomozō's mind not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | intend | past · passive | that evil | Shinzaburō | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 7 | mind | Tomozō | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/16/