In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 73
He soon perceived that the _o-fuda_ had been taken from the little window at the back of the house; and on searching the body of Shinzaburō, he discovered that the golden _mamori_ had been taken from its wrapping, and a copper image of Fudō put in place of it.
Who acts: man, copper image · What happens: perceive, take, search, discover, put, image · To what, where: fuda _, little window, body, golden mamori, wrapping, place
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, copper image), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 perceived | nsubj |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 perceived | advmod |
| 3 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 taken | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 _ | det |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 _ | punct |
| 7 | o | o | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 fuda | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 o | punct |
| 9 | fuda | fuda | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 _ | compound |
| 10 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 taken | aux |
| 12 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 taken | aux:pass |
| 13 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 perceived | ccomp |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 window | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 window | det |
| 16 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 window | amod |
| 17 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 taken | obl |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 20 back | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 back | det |
| 20 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 taken | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 house | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 house | det |
| 23 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 back | nmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 discovered | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 discovered | cc |
| 26 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 27 searching | mark |
| 27 | searching | search | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 34 discovered | advcl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 body | det |
| 29 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 searching | obj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Shinzaburō | case |
| 31 | Shinzaburō | Shinzaburō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 body | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 searching | punct |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 discovered | nsubj |
| 34 | discovered | discover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 perceived | conj |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 43 taken | mark |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 mamori | det |
| 37 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 mamori | amod |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 golden | punct |
| 39 | mamori | mamori | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 39 mamori | punct |
| 41 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 taken | aux |
| 42 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 43 taken | aux:pass |
| 43 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 discovered | advcl |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 46 wrapping | case |
| 45 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 wrapping | nmod:poss |
| 46 | wrapping | wrapping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 taken | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 put | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 put | cc |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 51 image | det |
| 50 | copper | copper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 image | compound |
| 51 | image | image | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 put | nsubj |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 Fudō | case |
| 53 | Fudō | Fudō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 image | nmod |
| 54 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 discovered | conj |
| 55 | in | in | ADP | _ | 56 place | case |
| 56 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 put | obl |
| 57 | of | of | ADP | _ | 58 it | case |
| 58 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 place | nmod |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 perceived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perceive | past | man | soon property | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | take | past · perfect · passive | the fuda _ | the little window | at the back of the house | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: subject=Theme from window=Source at back=Asset | |||
| 3 | search | gerund | man not said here | the body of Shinzaburō | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent body=Location | ||||
| 4 | discover | past | man | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | take | past · perfect · passive | the golden mamori | mamori's wrapping | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from wrapping=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | put | past | a copper image of Fudō | place of mamori | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in place=Destination | ||||
| 7 | image | Fudō | nom image «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/73/