In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 32

Again, we have reason to believe that the sound of the cry itself became associated in human imagination, at some period enormously remote, with particular impressions of fear.

Who acts: we, sound · What happens: have, believe, become, associate, impress · To what, where: reason, period, human imagination, fear · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Again	again	ADV	_	4 have	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Again	punct
3	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 have	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 believe	mark
7	believe	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 reason	acl
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 became	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sound	det
10	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 became	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 cry	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 cry	det
13	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sound	nmod
14	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	13 cry	nmod:unmarked
15	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 believe	ccomp
16	associated	associate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 became	xcomp
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 imagination	case
18	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 imagination	amod
19	imagination	imagination	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 associated	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 period	punct
21	at	at	ADP	_	23 period	case
22	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	23 period	det
23	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 believe	obl
24	enormously	enormously	ADV	_	25 remote	advmod
25	remote	remote	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 period	amod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 impressions	punct
27	with	with	ADP	_	29 impressions	case
28	particular	particular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 impressions	amod
29	impressions	impression	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 period	appos
30	of	of	ADP	_	31 fear	case
31	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 impressions	nmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	have	present	we	reason		again	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient
2	believe	to-infinitive	we not said here	reason not said here	some period		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	become	past	the sound of the cry cry				tree rules
4	associate	participle	the sound of the cry cry not said here		human imagination		vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
5	impress			fear			nom impression «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/9/32/

🌲 In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 32

The tree

Pragmatics

In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 32