Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 1, sentence 36
The natural inference, and that drawn by M. Gaston Paris, who, so far, appears to be the only scholar who has seriously occupied himself with this interesting version, is that those episodic romances, of which we possess no other copy, are also derived from a French source.
Who acts: natural inference, we, only scholar · What happens: draw, appear, be, occupy, possess · To what, where: natural inference, only scholar, other copy, episodic romances, French source
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natural inference, we, only scholar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 inference | det |
| 2 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 inference | amod |
| 3 | inference | inference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 appears | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 drawn | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 drawn | cc |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 drawn | nsubj |
| 7 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 inference | acl:relcl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 Gaston | case |
| 9 | M. | M. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Gaston | compound |
| 10 | Gaston | Gaston | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 drawn | obl |
| 11 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Gaston | flat |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 who | punct |
| 13 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 Gaston | acl:relcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 far | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 far | advmod |
| 16 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 appears | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 far | punct |
| 18 | appears | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 scholar | mark |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 scholar | cop |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 scholar | det |
| 22 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 scholar | amod |
| 23 | scholar | scholar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 appears | ccomp |
| 24 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 occupied | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 occupied | aux |
| 26 | seriously | seriously | ADV | _ | 27 occupied | advmod |
| 27 | occupied | occupy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 scholar | acl:relcl |
| 28 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 occupied | obj |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 version | case |
| 30 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 version | det |
| 31 | interesting | interesting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 version | amod |
| 32 | version | version | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 occupied | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 derived | punct |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 derived | cop |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 50 derived | mark |
| 36 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 38 romances | det |
| 37 | episodic | episodic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 romances | amod |
| 38 | romances | romance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 derived | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 possess | punct |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 which | case |
| 41 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 possess | obl |
| 42 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 43 possess | nsubj |
| 43 | possess | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 romances | acl:relcl |
| 44 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 46 copy | det |
| 45 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 copy | amod |
| 46 | copy | copy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 possess | obj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 possess | punct |
| 48 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 derived | aux:pass |
| 49 | also | also | ADV | _ | 50 derived | advmod |
| 50 | derived | derive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 scholar | acl |
| 51 | from | from | ADP | _ | 54 source | case |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 54 source | det |
| 53 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 source | amod |
| 54 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 derived | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 appears | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | participle | the natural inference | the natural inference not said here | by M. Gaston | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inference=Theme | |||
| 2 | appear | present | the natural inference | far property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | the natural inference not said here | the only scholar | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | occupy | present · perfect · passive | the only scholar | with this interesting version; inference obj; seriously property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer himself=Result | ||||
| 5 | possess | present | we | no other copy | of that episodic romances | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot copy=Theme | |||
| 6 | is | present · passive | the only scholar not said here | that episodic romances | a French source | derive property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/1/36/