Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 1, sentence 35
It is quite clear that the Dutch compiler understood his text well, and though possibly somewhat hampered by the necessity of turning prose into verse (this version, contrary to the otherwise invariable rule of the later _Lancelot_ romances, being rhymed), he renders it with remarkable fidelity.
Who acts: Dutch compiler, necessity, invariable rule, Lancelot · What happens: be, understand, hamper, turn, rhyme, render · To what, where: text, prose, verse, Lancelot
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dutch compiler, necessity, invariable rule, Lancelot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 clear | expl |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 clear | cop |
| 3 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 4 clear | advmod |
| 4 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 understood | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 compiler | det |
| 7 | Dutch | dutch | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 compiler | amod |
| 8 | compiler | compiler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 understood | nsubj |
| 9 | understood | understand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 clear | advcl |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 text | nmod:poss |
| 11 | text | text | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 understood | obj |
| 12 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 understood | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 hampered | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 hampered | cc |
| 15 | though | though | ADV | _ | 18 hampered | advmod |
| 16 | possibly | possibly | ADV | _ | 18 hampered | advmod |
| 17 | somewhat | somewhat | ADV | _ | 18 hampered | advmod |
| 18 | hampered | hamper | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 clear | conj |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 necessity | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 necessity | det |
| 21 | necessity | necessity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hampered | obl |
| 22 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 23 turning | mark |
| 23 | turning | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 necessity | acl |
| 24 | prose | prose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turning | obj |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 verse | case |
| 26 | verse | verse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turning | obl |
| 27 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 29 version | punct |
| 28 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 version | det |
| 29 | version | version | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 necessity | appos |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 contrary | punct |
| 31 | contrary | contrary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 version | amod |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 rule | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 rule | det |
| 34 | otherwise | otherwise | ADV | _ | 35 invariable | advmod |
| 35 | invariable | invariable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 rule | amod |
| 36 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 contrary | obl |
| 37 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 46 rhymed | mark |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 later | det |
| 39 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 46 rhymed | advmod |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 41 Lancelot | punct |
| 41 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 rhymed | nsubj:pass |
| 42 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 43 romances | punct |
| 43 | romances | romance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 Lancelot | conj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 rhymed | punct |
| 45 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 46 rhymed | aux:pass |
| 46 | rhymed | rhyme | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 rule | acl |
| 47 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 29 version | punct |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 renders | punct |
| 49 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 renders | nsubj |
| 50 | renders | render | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 hampered | conj |
| 51 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 renders | obj |
| 52 | with | with | ADP | _ | 54 fidelity | case |
| 53 | remarkable | remarkable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 fidelity | amod |
| 54 | fidelity | fidelity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 renders | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 clear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | clear property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | understand | past | the Dutch compiler | compiler's text | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer text=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | hamper | participle | by the necessity; possibly, somewhat, though property | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer | |||||
| 4 | turn | gerund | the necessity not said here | prose | verse | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent prose=Theme into verse=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | rhyme | gerund · passive | the invariable rule not said here | Lancelot and romances | late property | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||
| 6 | render | present | Lancelot | Prose | with remarkable fidelity | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/1/35/