Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 10, sentence 40
He said that he beheld a vision in a dream; it seemed to him that he rode throughout the day in a land where he saw naught but wilderness and wood, and trees, many and fair.
Who acts: hermit, it · What happens: say, behold, seem, ride, see · To what, where: vision, dream, trees, hermit, land, naught · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hermit, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 5 beheld | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 beheld | nsubj |
| 5 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 said | ccomp |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 vision | det |
| 7 | vision | vision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 beheld | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 dream | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 dream | det |
| 10 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 beheld | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 seemed | punct |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 seemed | nsubj |
| 13 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 said | ccomp |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 him | case |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 seemed | obl |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 18 rode | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 rode | nsubj |
| 18 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 seemed | advcl |
| 19 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 21 day | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 day | det |
| 21 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 rode | obl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 land | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 land | det |
| 24 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 rode | obl |
| 25 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 27 saw | advmod |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 saw | nsubj |
| 27 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 land | acl:relcl |
| 28 | naught | naught | PRON | PronType=Neg | 27 saw | obj |
| 29 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 wilderness | cc |
| 30 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 naught | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 wood | cc |
| 32 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 naught | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 trees | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 trees | cc |
| 35 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 seemed | xcomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 many | punct |
| 37 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 trees | amod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 fair | cc |
| 39 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 many | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | hermit | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | behold | past | hermit | a vision | a dream | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vision=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | seem | past | it | trees | hermit | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | |||
| 4 | ride | past | hermit | a land | day | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 5 | see | past | hermit | naught wilderness wood | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer naught=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/10/40/