Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 13
But in this while had Sir Gawain ridden so far that he had learned the truth how that Sir Lancelot had found the beast, and at this time he had followed upon his tracks and came unto the lair even as the traitor had wounded Sir Lancelot, and cut off the foot, and was mounted upon Sir Lancelot's steed, which that good knight, Sir Gawain, knew right well.
Who acts: Sir, steed · What happens: ride, learn, find, follow, come, wound · To what, where: truth, that, Lancelot, tracks, traitor, foot
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, steed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 ridden | cc |
| 2 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 5 had | mark |
| 3 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 while | det |
| 4 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 had | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 ridden | aux |
| 6 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 had | obj |
| 7 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Sir | flat |
| 8 | ridden | ride | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 far | advmod |
| 10 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 ridden | advmod |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 learned | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 learned | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 learned | aux |
| 14 | learned | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 ridden | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 truth | det |
| 16 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 learned | obj |
| 17 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 found | advmod |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 found | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Lancelot | nmod:desc |
| 20 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 found | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 found | aux |
| 22 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 learned | advcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 beast | det |
| 24 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 found | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 followed | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 followed | cc |
| 27 | at | at | ADP | _ | 29 time | case |
| 28 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 time | det |
| 29 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 followed | obl |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 followed | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 followed | aux |
| 32 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 learned | conj |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 35 tracks | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 tracks | nmod:poss |
| 35 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 followed | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 came | cc |
| 37 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 learned | conj |
| 38 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 40 lair | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 lair | det |
| 40 | lair | lair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 came | obl |
| 41 | even | even | ADV | _ | 46 wounded | advmod |
| 42 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 46 wounded | mark |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 traitor | det |
| 44 | traitor | traitor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 wounded | nsubj:pass |
| 45 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 wounded | aux |
| 46 | wounded | wound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 came | advcl |
| 47 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 Lancelot | nmod:desc |
| 48 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 wounded | obj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 cut | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 cut | cc |
| 51 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 learned | conj |
| 52 | off | off | ADP | _ | 54 foot | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 foot | det |
| 54 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 cut | obl |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 mounted | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 mounted | cc |
| 57 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 mounted | aux:pass |
| 58 | mounted | mount | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 ridden | conj |
| 59 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 63 steed | case |
| 60 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 61 Lancelot | nmod:desc |
| 61 | Lancelot | Lancelot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 63 steed | nmod:poss |
| 62 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 61 Lancelot | case |
| 63 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 mounted | obl |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 knight | punct |
| 65 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 68 knight | nsubj |
| 66 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 68 knight | det |
| 67 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 68 knight | amod |
| 68 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 steed | appos |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 Sir | punct |
| 70 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 68 knight | appos |
| 71 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 70 Sir | flat |
| 72 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 knew | punct |
| 73 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 mounted | conj |
| 74 | right | right | ADV | _ | 75 well | advmod |
| 75 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 73 knew | advmod |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 ridden | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ride | past · perfect | far property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | learn | past · perfect | Sir | the truth | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truth=Topic | ||||
| 3 | find | past · perfect · passive | that | Lancelot Sir nsubj:pass; the beast obj | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme beast=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | follow | past · perfect · passive | Lancelot | Sir's tracks | time | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme upon track=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | come | past | Sir not said here | unto the lair | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | wound | past · perfect · passive | the traitor | Lancelot Sir obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer lancelot=Result | ||||
| 7 | cut off | participle | Sir not said here | the foot | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector foot=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | mount | past · passive | Lancelot Sir's steed | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: upon steed=Destination | |||||
| 9 | knight | Lancelot Sir's steed | Sir appos | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | know | past | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/13/