Deuteronomy 2:31 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: LORD, I · What happens: say, begin, deliver up, possess · To what, where: Sihon, land · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Deuteronomy 2:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to Sihon, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י רְאֵ֗ה הַֽחִלֹּ֙תִי֙ תֵּ֣ת לְפָנֶ֔יךָ אֶת־סִיחֹ֖ן וְאֶת־אַרְצ֑וֹ הָחֵ֣ל רָ֔שׁ לָרֶ֖שֶׁת אֶת־אַרְצֽוֹ׃

And the LORD said unto me: 'Behold, I have begun to deliver up Sihon and his land before thee; begin to possess his land.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	5 ַ֔י	case	to
5	ַ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	me
6	רְאֵ֗ה	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	see
7	הַֽחִלֹּ֙תִי֙	חָלַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	6 רְאֵ֗ה	parataxis	I have begun
8	תֵּ֣ת	נָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 הַֽחִלֹּ֙תִי֙	ccomp	to deliver up
9	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	10 פָנֶ֔י	case	before
10	פָנֶ֔י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 תֵּ֣ת	obl
11	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 פָנֶ֔י	nmod:poss	you
12	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	13 סִיחֹ֖ן	case	(et)
13	סִיחֹ֖ן	סִיחוֹן	PROPN	_	8 תֵּ֣ת	obj	Sihon
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 אַרְצ	cc	and
15	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 אַרְצ	case	(et)
16	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 סִיחֹ֖ן	conj	land
17	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	his
18	הָחֵ֣ל	חָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	6 רְאֵ֗ה	parataxis	begin
19	רָ֔שׁ	יָרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	6 רְאֵ֗ה	parataxis	take possession
20	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	21 רֶ֖שֶׁת	case	to
21	רֶ֖שֶׁת	יָרַשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 רָ֔שׁ	advcl	take possession of
22	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 אַרְצ	case	(et)
23	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 רֶ֖שֶׁת	obj	land
24	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	his
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
רְאֵה see	imperative · qal
הַֽחִלֹּתִי I have begun	qatal · hiphil	תֵּת to deliver up		יְהוָה Yahweh
תֵּת to deliver up	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	סִיחֹן Sihon + אַרְצ land
הָחֵל begin	imperative · hiphil
רָשׁ take possession	imperative · qal
רֶשֶׁת take possession of	infinitive construct · qal		אַרְצ land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יְיָ לִי חֲזֵי שָׁרֵיתִי לְמִמְסַר קֳדָמָךְ יָת סִיחֹן וְיָת אַרְעֵהּ שְׁרֵי לְתָרָכוּתֵהּ לְמֵירַת יָת אַרְעֵהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the LORD said unto me: 'Behold, I have begun to deliver up Sihon and his land before thee; begin to possess his land.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:76.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.2.31/