Exodus 1:16 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: king, ye, office, Shiphrah · What happens: say, do, look, be, kill, live · To what, where: office, son, king, daughter · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 1:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, ye, office, Shiphrah — and what happens in the verse to office, son, king, daughter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔וֹ וְאִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָחָֽיָה׃

and he said: 'When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, ye shall look upon the birthstool: if it be a son, then ye shall kill him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֗אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 יַלֶּד	case	when
4	יַלֶּד	יָלַד	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	10 רְאִיתֶ֖ן	dislocated	you
5	ְכֶן֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 יַלֶּד	nsubj	assist as midwife
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 עִבְרִיּ֔וֹת	case	(et)
7	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 עִבְרִיּ֔וֹת	det	the Hebrew
8	עִבְרִיּ֔וֹת	עִבְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	4 יַלֶּד	obj	[women]
9	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 רְאִיתֶ֖ן	cc	and
10	רְאִיתֶ֖ן	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	ccomp	you will look
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	13 אָבְנָ֑יִם	case	at
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 אָבְנָ֑יִם	det	the
13	אָבְנָ֑יִם	אֹבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	10 רְאִיתֶ֖ן	obl	stones
14	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	15 בֵּ֥ן	mark	if
15	בֵּ֥ן	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 הֲמִתֶּ֣ן	advcl	[is] a son
16	הוּא֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 בֵּ֥ן	nsubj	he
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 הֲמִתֶּ֣ן	cc	and
18	הֲמִתֶּ֣ן	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	10 רְאִיתֶ֖ן	parataxis	you will kill
19	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	20 ֔וֹ	case
20	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 הֲמִתֶּ֣ן	obj	him
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 חָֽיָה	cc	and
22	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	23 בַּ֥ת	mark	if
23	בַּ֥ת	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 חָֽיָה	advcl	[is] a daughter
24	הִ֖יא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 בַּ֥ת	nsubj	she
25	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 חָֽיָה	cc	and
26	חָֽיָה	חיה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 רְאִיתֶ֖ן	conj	she will live
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 חָֽיָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
יַלֶּד you	infinitive construct · piel	ְכֶן assist as midwife	עִבְרִיּוֹת [women]
רְאִיתֶן you will look	weqatal · qal
הֲמִתֶּן you will kill	weqatal · hiphil	וֹ him
חָֽיָה she will live	weqatal · qal	בַּת [is] a daughter

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר כַּד תֶּהֶוְיָן מוֹלְדָן יָת יְהוּדַיָתָא וְתֶחְזְיָן עַל מַתְבְּרָא אִם בַּר הוּא תִּקְטְלַן יָתֵהּ וְאִם בְּרַתָּא הִיא ותְקַיְמִנַהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and he said: 'When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, ye shall look upon the birthstool: if it be a son, then ye shall kill him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:15.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.1.16/