Exodus 18:16 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: people, matter, I · What happens: have, come, judge, make, know · To what, where: matter, people, statutes

This is Exodus 18:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, matter, I — and what happens in the verse to matter, people, statutes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֨ה לָהֶ֤ם דָּבָר֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י וְשָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ וּבֵ֣ין רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְהוֹדַעְתִּ֛י אֶת־חֻקֵּ֥י הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים וְאֶת־תּוֹרֹתָֽיו׃

when they have a matter, it cometh unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and I make them know the statutes of God, and His laws.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	4 ָהֶ֤ם	mark	(dm)
2	יִהְיֶ֨ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 ָהֶ֤ם	cop	it will belong
3	ל	לְ	ADP	_	4 ָהֶ֤ם	case	to
4	ָהֶ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	root	root	them
5	דָּבָר֙	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 ָהֶ֤ם	nsubj	a matter
6	בָּ֣א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 ָהֶ֤ם	parataxis	[it is] coming
7	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	8 ַ֔י	case	to
8	ַ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 בָּ֣א	obl	me
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 שָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י	cc	and
10	שָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י	שָׁפַט	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	4 ָהֶ֤ם	conj	I judge
11	בֵּ֥ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	12 אִ֖ישׁ	case	between
12	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י	obl	each
13	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 רֵע	cc	and
14	בֵ֣ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	15 רֵע	case	between
15	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אִ֖ישׁ	conj	neighbor
16	ֵ֑הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 הוֹדַעְתִּ֛י	cc	and
18	הוֹדַעְתִּ֛י	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	4 ָהֶ֤ם	conj	I make known
19	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	20 חֻקֵּ֥י	case	(et)
20	חֻקֵּ֥י	חֹק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 הוֹדַעְתִּ֛י	obj	the statutes
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אֱלֹהִ֖ים	det	of (the)
22	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 חֻקֵּ֥י	compound:smixut	God
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 תּוֹרֹתָֽי	cc	and
24	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	25 תּוֹרֹתָֽי	case	(et)
25	תּוֹרֹתָֽי	תּוֹרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	20 חֻקֵּ֥י	conj	laws
26	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 תּוֹרֹתָֽי	nmod:poss	his
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִהְיֶה it will belong	yiqtol · qal	דָּבָר a matter
בָּא [it is] coming	qatal · qal
שָׁפַטְתִּי I judge	weqatal · qal
הוֹדַעְתִּי I make known	weqatal · hiphil	חֻקֵּי the statutes + תּוֹרֹתָֽי laws

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

כַּד הֲוֵי לְהוֹן דִינָא אָתָן לְוָתִי וְדָאִינְנָא בֵּין גַבְרָא וּבֵין חַבְרֵהּ וּמְהוֹדַעְנָא לְהוֹן יָת קְיָמַיָא דַיְיָ וְיָת אוֹרָיָתֵהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

when they have a matter, it cometh unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and I make them know the statutes of God, and His laws.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:482.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.16/