Exodus 18:7 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Moses, sons · What happens: go out, meet, bow down, kiss, ask, come · To what, where: father, law, Moses, each, tent

This is Exodus 18:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, sons — and what happens in the verse to father, law, Moses, each, tent, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּצֵ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִקְרַ֣את חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ וַיִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ וַיִּשַּׁק־ל֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ אִישׁ־לְרֵעֵ֖הוּ לְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ הָאֹֽהֱלָה׃

And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed down and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּצֵ֨א	cc	and
2	יֵּצֵ֨א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went out
3	מֹשֶׁ֜ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	2 יֵּצֵ֨א	nsubj	Moses
4	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	5 קְרַ֣את	case	to
5	קְרַ֣את	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יֵּצֵ֨א	advcl	meet
6	חֹֽתְנ	חֹתֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	5 קְרַ֣את	obj	father-in-law
7	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 חֹֽתְנ	nmod:poss	his
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙	cc	and
9	יִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙	חוה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּצֵ֨א	conj	he bowed down
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יִּשַּׁק־	cc	and
11	יִּשַּׁק־	נָשַׁק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 יִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙	conj	he kissed
12	ל	לְ	ADP	_	13 ֔וֹ	case	(to)
13	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 יִּשַּׁק־	obl	him
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ	cc	and
15	יִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּצֵ֨א	conj	they asked
16	אִישׁ־	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ	obl	each
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 רֵע	case	of
18	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ	obl	neighbor
19	ֵ֖הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 שָׁל֑וֹם	case	to
21	שָׁל֑וֹם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ	obl	welfare
22	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יָּבֹ֖אוּ	cc	and
23	יָּבֹ֖אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּצֵ֨א	conj	they went
24	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 אֹֽהֱל	det	to
25	אֹֽהֱל	אֹהֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יָּבֹ֖אוּ	obl	the
26	ָה	ה	X	_	25 אֹֽהֱל	nmod	tent
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּצֵא he went out	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses
קְרַאת meet	infinitive construct · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses	חֹֽתְנ father-in-law
יִּשְׁתַּחוּ he bowed down	wayyiqtol · hithpael	מֹשֶׁה Moses
יִּשַּׁק־ he kissed	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses
יִּשְׁאֲלוּ they asked	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses + חֹֽתְנ father-in-law
יָּבֹאוּ they went	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses + חֹֽתְנ father-in-law

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּנְפַק משֶׁה לְקַדָמוּת חֲמוּהִי וּסְגִיד וּנְשִׁיק לֵהּ וּשְׁאִילוּ גְבַר לְחַבְרֵהּ לִשְׁלָם וְעַלוּ לְמַשְׁכְּנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, and bowed down and kissed him; and they asked each other of their welfare; and they came into the tent.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:473.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.7/