Exodus 23:4 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: thou, ox · What happens: meet, go, bring back · To what, where: ox, ass, man

This is Exodus 23:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, ox — and what happens in the verse to ox, ass, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֣י תִפְגַּ֞ע שׁ֧וֹר אֹֽיִבְךָ֛ א֥וֹ חֲמֹר֖וֹ תֹּעֶ֑ה הָשֵׁ֥ב תְּשִׁיבֶ֖נּוּ לֽוֹ׃ס

If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 תִפְגַּ֞ע	mark	(dm)
2	תִפְגַּ֞ע	פָּגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will meet
3	שׁ֧וֹר	שׁוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 תֹּעֶ֑ה	nsubj	the ox
4	אֹֽיִב	אָיַב	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 שׁ֧וֹר	compound:smixut	your enemy
5	ְךָ֛	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 אֹֽיִב	nmod:poss	your
6	א֥וֹ	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	7 חֲמֹר	cc	or
7	חֲמֹר	חֲמוֹר	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 שׁ֧וֹר	conj	donkey
8	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 חֲמֹר	nmod:poss	his
9	תֹּעֶ֑ה	תָּעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 תִפְגַּ֞ע	ccomp	wandering off
10	הָשֵׁ֥ב	שׁוּב	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	11 תְּשִׁיב	obl:npmod	certainly (return)
11	תְּשִׁיב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תִפְגַּ֞ע	parataxis	you
12	ֶ֖נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 תְּשִׁיב	obj	will return it
13	ל	לְ	ADP	_	14 ֽוֹ	case	to
14	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 תְּשִׁיב	obl	him
15	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	14 ֽוֹ	punct
16	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	14 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תִפְגַּע you will meet	yiqtol · qal		תֹּעֶה wandering off
תֹּעֶה wandering off	participle active · qal	שׁוֹר the ox + חֲמֹר donkey
תְּשִׁיב you	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶנּוּ will return it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אֲרֵי תִפְגַע תּוֹרָא דְסָנְאָךְ אוֹ חֲמָרֵהּ דְטָּעֵי אָתָבָא תְּתִיבִנֵהּ לֵהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:615.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.4/