Genesis 16:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: wife, name, Hagar · What happens: bear, have, be, name · To what, where: children, Sarai, handmaid, Hagar

This is Genesis 16:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wife, name, Hagar — and what happens in the verse to children, Sarai, handmaid, Hagar, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְשָׂרַי֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת אַבְרָ֔ם לֹ֥א יָלְדָ֖ה ל֑וֹ וְלָ֛הּ שִׁפְחָ֥ה מִצְרִ֖ית וּשְׁמָ֥הּ הָגָֽר׃

Now Sarai Abram's wife bore him no children; and she had a handmaid, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יָלְדָ֖ה	cc	and
2	שָׂרַי֙	שָׂרַי	PROPN	_	6 יָלְדָ֖ה	nsubj	Sarai
3	אֵ֣שֶׁת	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 שָׂרַי֙	appos	the wife
4	אַבְרָ֔ם	אַבְרָם	PROPN	_	3 אֵ֣שֶׁת	compound:smixut	of Abram
5	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	6 יָלְדָ֖ה	advmod	not
6	יָלְדָ֖ה	יָלַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	she had borne children
7	ל	לְ	ADP	_	8 ֑וֹ	case	to
8	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 יָלְדָ֖ה	obl	him
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 ָ֛הּ	cc	and [belonged]
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ָ֛הּ	case	to
11	ָ֛הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 יָלְדָ֖ה	conj	her
12	שִׁפְחָ֥ה	שִׁפְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 ָ֛הּ	nsubj	a maidservant
13	מִצְרִ֖ית	מִצְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 שִׁפְחָ֥ה	appos	Egyptian
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 הָגָֽר	cc	and
15	שְׁמ	שֵׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הָגָֽר	nsubj	name
16	ָ֥הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 שְׁמ	nmod:poss	her
17	הָגָֽר	הָגָר	PROPN	_	6 יָלְדָ֖ה	conj	[was] Hagar
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 הָגָֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יָלְדָה she had borne children	qatal · qal	שָׂרַי Sarai

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְשָׂרַי אִתַּת אַבְרָם לָא יְלִידַת לֵהּ וְלַהּ אַמְתָא מִצְרֵיתָא וּשְׁמַהּ הָגָר

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now Sarai Abram's wife bore him no children; and she had a handmaid, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:382.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.1/