Genesis 17:24 בְּרֵאשִׁית
Who acts: Abraham · What happens: be, circumcise · To what, where: Abraham, flesh
This is Genesis 17:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham — and what happens in the verse to Abraham, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וָתֵ֖שַׁע שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִמֹּל֖וֹ בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃
And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 3 בֶּן־ | cc | and |
| 2 | אַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם | אַבְרָהָם | PROPN | _ | 3 בֶּן־ | nsubj | Abraham |
| 3 | בֶּן־ | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | root | root | [was] a son |
| 4 | תִּשְׁעִ֥ים | תֵּשַׁע | NUM | Number=Plur | 7 שָׁנָ֑ה | nummod | of ninety |
| 5 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 תֵ֖שַׁע | cc | and |
| 6 | תֵ֖שַׁע | תֵּשַׁע | NUM | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 4 תִּשְׁעִ֥ים | conj | nine |
| 7 | שָׁנָ֑ה | שָׁנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 3 בֶּן־ | compound:smixut | year[s] |
| 8 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 9 הִמֹּל | case | when |
| 9 | הִמֹּל | מוּל | VERB | HebBinyan=NIPHAL | 3 בֶּן־ | advcl | he |
| 10 | ֖וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 הִמֹּל | nsubj | was circumcised |
| 11 | בְּשַׂ֥ר | בָּשָׂר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 הִמֹּל | obl | the flesh |
| 12 | עָרְלָת | עׇרְלָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 11 בְּשַׂ֥ר | compound:smixut | his foreskin |
| 13 | ֽוֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 עָרְלָת | nmod:poss | his |
| 14 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 13 ֽוֹ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| הִמֹּל he | infinitive construct · niphal | וֹ was circumcised |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וְאַבְרָהָם בַּר תִּשְׁעִין וּתְשַׁע שְׁנִין כַּד גְזַר בִּשְׂרָא דְעָרְלְתֵהּ
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:421.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.17.24/