Genesis 38:11 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Judah, Tamar · What happens: say, remain, grow up, die, go, dwell · To what, where: Tamar, widow, house, Shelah · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 38:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, Tamar — and what happens in the verse to Tamar, widow, house, Shelah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָה֩ לְתָמָ֨ר כַּלָּת֜וֹ שְׁבִ֧י אַלְמָנָ֣ה בֵית־אָבִ֗יךְ עַד־יִגְדַּל֙ שֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֔י כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר פֶּן־יָמ֥וּת גַּם־ה֖וּא כְּאֶחָ֑יו וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ תָּמָ֔ר וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיהָ׃

Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law: 'Remain a widow in thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown up'; for he said: 'Lest he also die, like his brethren.' And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוּדָה֩	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Judah
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 תָמָ֨ר	case	to
5	תָמָ֨ר	תָּמָר	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	Tamar
6	כַּלָּת	כַּלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 תָמָ֨ר	appos	daughter-in-law
7	֜וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 כַּלָּת	nmod:poss	his
8	שְׁבִ֧י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	dwell
9	אַלְמָנָ֣ה	אַלְמָנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 שְׁבִ֧י	obl	a widow
10	בֵית־	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 שְׁבִ֧י	obl	the house
11	אָבִ֗י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 בֵית־	compound:smixut	your father
12	ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 אָבִ֗י	nmod:poss	your
13	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	14 יִגְדַּל֙	case	until
14	יִגְדַּל֙	גָּדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 שְׁבִ֧י	parataxis	he will grow up
15	שֵׁלָ֣ה	שֵׁלָה	PROPN	_	14 יִגְדַּל֙	nsubj	Shelah
16	בְנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שֵׁלָ֣ה	appos	son
17	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 בְנ	nmod:poss	my
18	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 אָמַ֔ר	mark	(dm)
19	אָמַ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 שְׁבִ֧י	advcl	he said
20	פֶּן־	פֶּן	SCONJ	_	21 יָמ֥וּת	mark	lest
21	יָמ֥וּת	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 שְׁבִ֧י	advcl	he should die
22	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	23 ה֖וּא	advmod	also
23	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 יָמ֥וּת	nsubj	he
24	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	25 אֶחָ֑י	case	like
25	אֶחָ֑י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 יָמ֥וּת	obl	brothers
26	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 אֶחָ֑י	nmod:poss	his
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 תֵּ֣לֶךְ	cc	and
28	תֵּ֣לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	she went
29	תָּמָ֔ר	תָּמָר	PROPN	_	28 תֵּ֣לֶךְ	nsubj	Tamar
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 תֵּ֖שֶׁב	cc	and
31	תֵּ֖שֶׁב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	she dwelt
32	בֵּ֥ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 תֵּ֖שֶׁב	obl	the house
33	אָבִֽי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 בֵּ֥ית	compound:smixut	her father
34	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 אָבִֽי	nmod:poss	her
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 הָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah
שְׁבִי dwell	imperative · qal	תָמָר Tamar
יִגְדַּל he will grow up	yiqtol · qal	שֵׁלָה Shelah
אָמַר he said	qatal · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah
יָמוּת he should die	yiqtol · qal	הוּא he
תֵּלֶךְ she went	wayyiqtol · qal	תָּמָר Tamar
תֵּשֶׁב she dwelt	wayyiqtol · qal	תָּמָר Tamar

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יְהוּדָה לְתָמָר כַּלְּתֵהּ תִּיבִי אַרְמְלָא בֵית אָבִיךְ עַד דְיִרְבֵּי שֵׁלָה בְרִי אֲרֵי אֲמַר דִּלְמָא יְמוּת אַף הוּא כְּאָחוֹהִי וַאֲזָלַת תָּמָר וִיתִיבַת בֵּית אָבוּהָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law: 'Remain a widow in thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown up'; for he said: 'Lest he also die, like his brethren.' And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1130.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.11/