Genesis 38:26 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Judah, harlot, I · What happens: acknowledge, say, be, not give, know · To what, where: men, harlot · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 38:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, harlot, I — and what happens in the verse to men, harlot, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּכֵּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ צָֽדְקָ֣ה מִמֶּ֔נִּי כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֥ן לֹא־נְתַתִּ֖יהָ לְשֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֑י וְלֹֽא־יָסַ֥ף ע֖וֹד לְדַעְתָּֽה׃

And Judah acknowledged them, and said: 'She is more righteous than I; forasmuch as I gave her not to Shelah my son.' And he knew her again no more.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּכֵּ֣ר	cc	and
2	יַּכֵּ֣ר	נָכַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he recognized [them]
3	יְהוּדָ֗ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	2 יַּכֵּ֣ר	nsubj	Judah
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	cc	and
5	יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּכֵּ֣ר	conj	he said
6	צָֽדְקָ֣ה	צָדֵק	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	ccomp	she is righteous
7	מִמּ	מִן	ADP	_	8 ֶ֔נִּי	case	more
8	ֶ֔נִּי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 צָֽדְקָ֣ה	obl	than me
9	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	11 כֵּ֥ן	mark	(dm)
10	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	11 כֵּ֥ן	case	therefore
11	כֵּ֥ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 יַּכֵּ֣ר	conj
12	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	13 נְתַתִּ֖י	advmod	not
13	נְתַתִּ֖י	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	6 צָֽדְקָ֣ה	parataxis	I
14	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 נְתַתִּ֖י	obj	gave her
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 שֵׁלָ֣ה	case	to
16	שֵׁלָ֣ה	שֵׁלָה	PROPN	_	13 נְתַתִּ֖י	obl	Shelah
17	בְנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 שֵׁלָ֣ה	appos	son
18	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 בְנ	nmod:poss	my
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יָסַ֥ף	cc	and
20	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	21 יָסַ֥ף	advmod	not
21	יָסַ֥ף	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 צָֽדְקָ֣ה	conj	he repeated
22	ע֖וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	21 יָסַ֥ף	advmod	again
23	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	24 דַעְתּ	case	to
24	דַעְתּ	יָדַע	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	21 יָסַ֥ף	xcomp	know
25	ָֽה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 דַעְתּ	obj	her
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 ָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּכֵּר he recognized [them]	wayyiqtol · hiphil			יְהוּדָה Judah
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah
צָֽדְקָה she is righteous	qatal · qal
not נְתַתִּי I	qatal · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah	הָ gave her
not יָסַף he repeated	qatal · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah
דַעְתּ know	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוּדָה Judah	ָֽה her

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְאִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע יְהוּדָה וַאֲמַר זַכָּאָה מִנִּי מְעַדְּיָא אֲרֵי עַל כֵּן לָא יְהָבִתַּהּ לְשֵׁלָה בְרִי וְלָא אוֹסִיף עוֹד לְמִידְעַהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Judah acknowledged them, and said: 'She is more righteous than I; forasmuch as I gave her not to Shelah my son.' And he knew her again no more.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1145.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.26/