Genesis 38:28 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: child, harlot, one, midwife, This · What happens: come, pass, travail, put out, take, bind · To what, where: hand, scarlet thread · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 38:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — child, harlot, one, midwife, This — and what happens in the verse to hand, scarlet thread, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֥י בְלִדְתָּ֖הּ וַיִּתֶּן־יָ֑ד וַתִּקַּ֣ח הַמְיַלֶּ֗דֶת וַתִּקְשֹׁ֨ר עַל־יָד֤וֹ שָׁנִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר זֶ֖ה יָצָ֥א רִאשֹׁנָֽה׃

And it came to pass, when she travailed, that one put out a hand; and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying: 'This came out first.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֥י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֥י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 לִדְתּ	case	when
4	לִדְתּ	יָלַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יְהִ֥י	advcl	she
5	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 לִדְתּ	nsubj	gave birth
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יִּתֶּן־	cc	and
7	יִּתֶּן־	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֥י	conj	he put out
8	יָ֑ד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 יִּתֶּן־	obj	a hand
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 תִּקַּ֣ח	cc	and
10	תִּקַּ֣ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֥י	conj	she took
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 מְיַלֶּ֗דֶת	det	the
12	מְיַלֶּ֗דֶת	יָלַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing	10 תִּקַּ֣ח	nsubj	midwife
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 תִּקְשֹׁ֨ר	cc	and
14	תִּקְשֹׁ֨ר	קָשַׁר	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֥י	conj	she tied
15	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	16 יָד	case	on
16	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 תִּקְשֹׁ֨ר	obl	hand
17	֤וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 יָד	nmod:poss	his
18	שָׁנִי֙	שָׁנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 תִּקְשֹׁ֨ר	obj	a scarlet thread
19	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	22 יָצָ֥א	mark	(cmp)
20	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 לֵ	fixed
21	זֶ֖ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	22 יָצָ֥א	nsubj	this one
22	יָצָ֥א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	14 תִּקְשֹׁ֨ר	advcl	he came out
23	רִאשֹׁנָֽה	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 יָצָ֥א	advmod	first
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 רִאשֹׁנָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
לִדְתּ she	infinitive construct · qal	ָהּ gave birth
יִּתֶּן־ he put out	wayyiqtol · qal		יָד a hand
תִּקַּח she took	wayyiqtol · qal	מְיַלֶּדֶת midwife	יָד a hand
תִּקְשֹׁר she tied	wayyiqtol · qal	מְיַלֶּדֶת midwife	שָׁנִי a scarlet thread
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	מְיַלֶּדֶת midwife
יָצָא he came out	qatal · qal	זֶה this one

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲוָה בְּמֵילְדַהּ וִיהַב יְדָא וּנְסִיבַת חַיְתָא וּקְטָרַת עַל יְדֵהּ זְהוֹרִיתָא לְמֵימַר דֵּין נְפַק קַדְמָאָה

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, when she travailed, that one put out a hand; and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying: 'This came out first.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1147.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.28/