Genesis 4:12 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: thou, ground, fugitive · What happens: till, not yield, be · To what, where: ground, strength, earth

This is Genesis 4:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, ground, fugitive — and what happens in the verse to ground, strength, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֤י תַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה לֹֽא־תֹסֵ֥ף תֵּת־כֹּחָ֖הּ לָ֑ךְ נָ֥ע וָנָ֖ד תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה בָאָֽרֶץ׃

When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shalt thou be in the earth.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 תַֽעֲבֹד֙	mark	(dm)
2	תַֽעֲבֹד֙	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will till
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 אֲדָמָ֔ה	case	(et)
4	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 אֲדָמָ֔ה	det	the
5	אֲדָמָ֔ה	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תַֽעֲבֹד֙	obj	ground
6	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	7 תֹסֵ֥ף	advmod	not
7	תֹסֵ֥ף	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תַֽעֲבֹד֙	parataxis	it will repeat
8	תֵּת־	נָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 תֹסֵ֥ף	ccomp	to give
9	כֹּח	כֹּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 תֵּת־	obj	produce
10	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 כֹּח	nmod:poss	its
11	ל	לְ	ADP	_	12 ָ֑ךְ	case	to
12	ָ֑ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 תֵּת־	obl	you
13	נָ֥ע	נוּעַ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 תַֽעֲבֹד֙	parataxis	a wanderer
14	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 נָ֖ד	cc	and
15	נָ֖ד	נוּד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	13 נָ֥ע	conj	a fugitive
16	תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	13 נָ֥ע	cop	you will be
17	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 אָֽרֶץ	case	on
18	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 אָֽרֶץ	det	the
19	אָֽרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 נָ֥ע	obl	earth
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 אָֽרֶץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
תַֽעֲבֹד you will till	yiqtol · qal		אֲדָמָה ground
not תֹסֵף it will repeat	jussive · hiphil	תֵּת־ to give		אֲדָמָה ground
תֵּת־ to give	infinitive construct · qal	אֲדָמָה ground	כֹּח produce
נָע a wanderer	participle active · qal
נָד a fugitive	participle active · qal
תִּֽהְיֶה you will be	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אֲרֵי תִפְלַח בְאַרְעָא לָא תוֹסִיף לְמִתַּן חֵילַהּ לָךְ מִטַלְטֵּל וְגָלֵי תְּהֵא בְאַרְעָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee her strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shalt thou be in the earth.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:91.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.4.12/