Genesis 42:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Jacob, peradventure harm · What happens: not send, say, befall · To what, where: Jacob · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 42:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jacob, peradventure harm — and what happens in the verse to Jacob, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֶת־בִּנְיָמִין֙ אֲחִ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף לֹא־שָׁלַ֥ח יַעֲקֹ֖ב אֶת־אֶחָ֑יו כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר פֶּן־יִקְרָאֶ֖נּוּ אָסֽוֹן׃

But Benjamin, Joseph's brother, Jacob sent not with his brethren; for he said: 'Lest peradventure harm befall him.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	cc	and
2	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	3 בִּנְיָמִין֙	case	(et)
3	בִּנְיָמִין֙	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	obj	Benjamin
4	אֲחִ֣י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 בִּנְיָמִין֙	appos	the brother
5	יוֹסֵ֔ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	4 אֲחִ֣י	compound:smixut	of Joseph
6	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	advmod	not
7	שָׁלַ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he sent
8	יַעֲקֹ֖ב	יַעֲקֹב	PROPN	_	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	nsubj	Jacob
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 אֶחָ֑י	case	with
10	אֶחָ֑י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	obl	brothers
11	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 אֶחָ֑י	nmod:poss	his
12	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 אָמַ֔ר	mark	(dm)
13	אָמַ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	advcl	he said
14	פֶּן־	פֶּן	SCONJ	_	15 יִקְרָא	mark	lest
15	יִקְרָא	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 שָׁלַ֥ח	advcl	it
16	ֶ֖נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יִקְרָא	obj	should happen to him
17	אָסֽוֹן	אָסוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יִקְרָא	nsubj	harm
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 אָסֽוֹן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not שָׁלַח he sent	qatal · qal	יַעֲקֹב Jacob	בִּנְיָמִין Benjamin
אָמַר he said	qatal · qal	יַעֲקֹב Jacob
יִקְרָא it	yiqtol · qal	אָסֽוֹן harm	ֶנּוּ should happen to him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְיָת בִּנְיָמִין אֲחוּהִי דְיוֹסֵף לָא שְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב עִם אֲחוֹהִי אֲרֵי אֲמַר דִּלְמָא יְעַרְעִנֵּהּ מוֹתָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But Benjamin, Joseph's brother, Jacob sent not with his brethren; for he said: 'Lest peradventure harm befall him.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1256.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.42.4/