Genesis 43:16 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Joseph, men · What happens: see, say, bring, kill, prepare, dine · To what, where: Benjamin, men, house, beasts, meat · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 43:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joseph, men — and what happens in the verse to Benjamin, men, house, beasts, meat, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֨רְא יוֹסֵ֣ף אִתָּם֮ אֶת־בִּנְיָמִין֒ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לַֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־בֵּית֔וֹ הָבֵ֥א אֶת־הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים הַבָּ֑יְתָה וּטְבֹ֤חַ טֶ֙בַח֙ וְהָכֵ֔ן כִּ֥י אִתִּ֛י יֹאכְל֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים בַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם׃

And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of his house: 'Bring the men into the house, and kill the beasts, and prepare the meat; for the men shall dine with me at noon.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֨רְא	cc	and
2	יַּ֨רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he saw
3	יוֹסֵ֣ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֨רְא	nsubj	Joseph
4	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	5 ָם֮	case	with
5	ָם֮	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יַּ֨רְא	ccomp	them
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	7 בִּנְיָמִין֒	case	(et)
7	בִּנְיָמִין֒	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	5 ָם֮	nsubj	Benjamin
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	cc	and
9	יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֨רְא	conj	he said
10	לַֽ	לְ	ADP	_	9 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	obl	to
11	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	13 בֵּית	mark	[the one] who
12	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	13 בֵּית	case	[was] over
13	בֵּית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 לַֽ	acl:relcl	household
14	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 בֵּית	nmod:poss	his
15	הָבֵ֥א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	9 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙	ccomp	bring
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	case	(et)
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	det	the
18	אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 הָבֵ֥א	obj	men
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 בָּ֑יְת	det	to
20	בָּ֑יְת	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 הָבֵ֥א	obl	the
21	ָה	ה	X	_	20 בָּ֑יְת	nmod	house
22	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 טְבֹ֤חַ	cc	and
23	טְבֹ֤חַ	טָבַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	15 הָבֵ֥א	conj	slaughter
24	טֶ֙בַח֙	טֶבַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 טְבֹ֤חַ	obj	a slaughter
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 הָכֵ֔ן	cc	and
26	הָכֵ֔ן	כּוּן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	15 הָבֵ֥א	conj	prepare [it]
27	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	30 יֹאכְל֥וּ	mark	(dm)
28	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	29 ִ֛י	case	with
29	ִ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	30 יֹאכְל֥וּ	obl	me
30	יֹאכְל֥וּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	15 הָבֵ֥א	advcl	they will eat
31	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	32 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	det	the
32	אֲנָשִׁ֖ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	30 יֹאכְל֥וּ	nsubj	men
33	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	35 צָּהֳרָֽיִם	case	at
34	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	35 צָּהֳרָֽיִם	det	(the)
35	צָּהֳרָֽיִם	צָהֳרַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	30 יֹאכְל֥וּ	obl	noon(s)
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 צָּהֳרָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph	ָם them
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph
הָבֵא bring	imperative · hiphil	אֲנָשִׁים men		בֵּית household
טְבֹחַ slaughter	imperative · qal	בֵּית household	טֶבַח a slaughter
הָכֵן prepare [it]	imperative · hiphil	טֶבַח a slaughter		בֵּית household
יֹאכְלוּ they will eat	yiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַחֲזָא יוֹסֵף עִמְּהוֹן יָת בִּנְיָמִין וַאֲמַר לְדִי מְמַנָּא עַל בֵּיתֵהּ אָעֵיל יָת גֻּבְרַיָּא לְבֵיתָא וּנְכוֹס נִכְסָתָא וְאַתְקֵין אֲרֵי עִמִּי יֵיכְלוּן גֻּבְרַיָּא בְּשֵׁירוּתָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of his house: 'Bring the men into the house, and kill the beasts, and prepare the meat; for the men shall dine with me at noon.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1306.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.16/