Genesis 44:32 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: servant, I · What happens: become, say, not bring, bear · To what, where: surety, father, blame · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 44:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servant, I — and what happens in the verse to surety, father, blame, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֤י עַבְדְּךָ֙ עָרַ֣ב אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר מֵעִ֥ם אָבִ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־לֹ֤א אֲבִיאֶ֙נּוּ֙ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְחָטָ֥אתִי לְאָבִ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃

For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If I bring him not unto thee, then shall I bear the blame to my father for ever.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	4 עָרַ֣ב	mark	(dm)
2	עַבְדּ	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָרַ֣ב	nsubj	servant
3	ְךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 עַבְדּ	nmod:poss	your
4	עָרַ֣ב	עָרַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he stood surety for
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	7 נַּ֔עַר	case	(et)
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 נַּ֔עַר	det	the young
7	נַּ֔עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָרַ֣ב	obj	man
8	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	10 אָב	case	from
9	עִ֥ם	עִם	ADP	_	10 אָב	case	with
10	אָב	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עָרַ֣ב	obl	father
11	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 אָב	nmod:poss	my
12	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	21 חָטָ֥אתִי	mark	(cmp)
13	אמֹ֑ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 לֵ	fixed
14	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	16 אֲבִיא	mark	if
15	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	16 אֲבִיא	advmod	not
16	אֲבִיא	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	21 חָטָ֥אתִי	advcl	I
17	ֶ֙נּוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 אֲבִיא	obj	will bring him
18	אֵלֶ֔י	אֶל	ADP	_	19 ךָ	case	to
19	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 אֲבִיא	obl	you
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 חָטָ֥אתִי	cc	and
21	חָטָ֥אתִי	חָטָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	4 עָרַ֣ב	advcl	I will be culpable
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 אָב	case	to
23	אָב	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 חָטָ֥אתִי	obl	father
24	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 אָב	nmod:poss	my
25	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 חָטָ֥אתִי	obl	all
26	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 יָּמִֽים	det	the
27	יָּמִֽים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 כָּל־	compound:smixut	days
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 יָּמִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָרַב he stood surety for	qatal · qal	עַבְדּ servant	נַּעַר man
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	עַבְדּ servant
not אֲבִיא I	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶנּוּ will bring him		עַבְדּ servant
חָטָאתִי I will be culpable	weqatal · qal	עַבְדּ servant

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אֲרֵי עַבְדָּךְ מְעָרַב בְּעוּלֵימָא מִן אַבָּא לְמֵימָר אִם לָא אַיְתִנֵּהּ לְוָתָךְ וָאֱהִי חָטֵי לְאַבָּא כָּל יוֹמַיָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If I bring him not unto thee, then shall I bear the blame to my father for ever.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1356.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.32/