Genesis 49:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: thou, Reuben · What happens: go up, defile · To what, where: bed

This is Genesis 49:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, Reuben — and what happens in the verse to bed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

פַּ֤חַז כַּמַּ֙יִם֙ אַל־תּוֹתַ֔ר כִּ֥י עָלִ֖יתָ מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אָבִ֑יךָ אָ֥ז חִלַּ֖לְתָּ יְצוּעִ֥י עָלָֽה׃פ

Unstable as water, have not thou the excellency; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed; then defiledst thou it — he went up to my couch.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	פַּ֤חַז	פַּחַז	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	destructiveness
2	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	4 מַּ֙יִם֙	case	like
3	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 מַּ֙יִם֙	det	(the)
4	מַּ֙יִם֙	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 פַּ֤חַז	obl	water
5	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	6 תּוֹתַ֔ר	advmod	do not
6	תּוֹתַ֔ר	יָתַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	1 פַּ֤חַז	parataxis	excel
7	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	8 עָלִ֖יתָ	mark	(dm)
8	עָלִ֖יתָ	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	1 פַּ֤חַז	advcl	you went up
9	מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י	מִשְׁכָּב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 עָלִ֖יתָ	obl	the bed(s)
10	אָבִ֑י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י	compound:smixut	your father
11	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 אָבִ֑י	nmod:poss	your
12	אָ֥ז	אָז	ADV	_	13 חִלַּ֖לְתָּ	advmod	then
13	חִלַּ֖לְתָּ	חָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	1 פַּ֤חַז	parataxis	you profaned [it]
14	יְצוּע	יָצוּעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 עָלָֽה	obl	bed
15	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 יְצוּע	nmod:poss	my
16	עָלָֽה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 פַּ֤חַז	parataxis	he went up
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 עָלָֽה	punct
18	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	16 עָלָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
not תּוֹתַר excel	jussive · hiphil
עָלִיתָ you went up	qatal · qal
חִלַּלְתָּ you profaned [it]	qatal · piel	מִשְׁכְּבֵי the bed(s)
עָלָֽה he went up	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

עַל דַאֲזַלְתָּא לָקֳבֵל אַפָּיךְ הָא כְמַיָּא בְּרַם לָא אַהֲנֵיתָא חוֹלָק יַתִּיר לָא תִסַּב אֲרֵי סְלֶקְתָּא בֵּית מִשְׁכָּבֵי אָבוּךְ בְּכֵן אֲחֶלְתָּא לְשִׁוּוּיִי בְּרִי סְלֶקְתָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Unstable as water, have not thou the excellency; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed; then defiledst thou it — he went up to my couch.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1477.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.49.4/