Genesis 9:18 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: sons, Ham · What happens: go, be · To what, where: ark, Shem, father

This is Genesis 9:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons, Ham — and what happens in the verse to ark, Shem, father, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּֽהְי֣וּ בְנֵי־נֹ֗חַ הַיֹּֽצְאִים֙ מִן־הַתֵּבָ֔ה שֵׁ֖ם וְחָ֣ם וָיָ֑פֶת וְחָ֕ם ה֖וּא אֲבִ֥י כְנָֽעַן׃

And the sons of Noah, that went forth from the ark, were Shem, and Ham, and Japheth; and Ham is the father of Canaan.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 שֵׁ֖ם	cc	and
2	יִּֽהְי֣וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	10 שֵׁ֖ם	cop	they were
3	בְנֵי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 שֵׁ֖ם	nsubj	the sons
4	נֹ֗חַ	נֹחַ	PROPN	_	3 בְנֵי־	compound:smixut	of Noah
5	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	6 יֹּֽצְאִים֙	mark	[who] came
6	יֹּֽצְאִים֙	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 בְנֵי־	appos	out
7	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	9 תֵּבָ֔ה	case	from
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 תֵּבָ֔ה	det	the
9	תֵּבָ֔ה	תֵּבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 יֹּֽצְאִים֙	obl	ark
10	שֵׁ֖ם	שֵׁם	PROPN	_	root	root	Shem
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 חָ֣ם	cc	and
12	חָ֣ם	חָם	PROPN	_	10 שֵׁ֖ם	conj	Ham
13	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יָ֑פֶת	cc	and
14	יָ֑פֶת	יֶפֶת	PROPN	_	10 שֵׁ֖ם	conj	Japheth
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 אֲבִ֥י	cc	and
16	חָ֕ם	חָם	PROPN	_	18 אֲבִ֥י	dislocated	Ham
17	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 אֲבִ֥י	nsubj	he
18	אֲבִ֥י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שֵׁ֖ם	conj	[was] the father
19	כְנָֽעַן	כְּנַעַן	PROPN	_	18 אֲבִ֥י	compound:smixut	of Canaan
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 כְנָֽעַן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּֽהְיוּ they were	wayyiqtol · qal	בְנֵי־ the sons
יֹּֽצְאִים out	participle active · qal	בְנֵי־ the sons

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲווֹ בְנֵי נֹחַ דִּי נְפָקוּ מִן תֵּבוֹתָא שֵׁם וְחָם וָיָפֶת וְחָם הוּא אֲבוּהִי דִכְנָעַן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the sons of Noah, that went forth from the ark, were Shem, and Ham, and Japheth; and Ham is the father of Canaan.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:223.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.9.18/