Numbers 22:23 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: ass, angel, Balaam · What happens: see, stand, draw, turn, go, smite · To what, where: angel, way, sword, hand, field, ass

This is Numbers 22:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ass, angel, Balaam — and what happens in the verse to angel, way, sword, hand, field, ass, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתֵּ֣רֶא הָאָתוֹן֩ אֶת־מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהוָ֜ה נִצָּ֣ב בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ וְחַרְבּ֤וֹ שְׁלוּפָה֙ בְּיָד֔וֹ וַתֵּ֤ט הָֽאָתוֹן֙ מִן־הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיַּ֤ךְ בִּלְעָם֙ אֶת־הָ֣אָת֔וֹן לְהַטֹּתָ֖הּ הַדָּֽרֶךְ׃

And the ass saw the angel of the LORD standing in the way, with his sword drawn in his hand; and the ass turned aside out of the way, and went into the field; and Balaam smote the ass, to turn her into the way.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תֵּ֣רֶא	cc	and
2	תֵּ֣רֶא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it saw
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 אָתוֹן֩	det	the
4	אָתוֹן֩	אָתוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תֵּ֣רֶא	nsubj	donkey
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 נִצָּ֣ב	case	(et)
6	מַלְאַ֨ךְ	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 נִצָּ֣ב	nsubj	the angel
7	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	6 מַלְאַ֨ךְ	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
8	נִצָּ֣ב	נָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	2 תֵּ֣רֶא	obj	standing
9	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 דֶּ֗רֶךְ	case	in
10	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 דֶּ֗רֶךְ	det	the
11	דֶּ֗רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 נִצָּ֣ב	obl	road
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 שְׁלוּפָה֙	cc	and
13	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 שְׁלוּפָה֙	nsubj	sword
14	֤וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
15	שְׁלוּפָה֙	שָׁלַף	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	8 נִצָּ֣ב	conj	[was] drawn
16	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 יָד	case	in
17	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 שְׁלוּפָה֙	obl	hand
18	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יָד	nmod:poss	his
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 תֵּ֤ט	cc	and
20	תֵּ֤ט	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֵּ֣רֶא	conj	it turned aside
21	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אָתוֹן֙	det	the
22	אָתוֹן֙	אָתוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 תֵּ֤ט	nsubj	donkey
23	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	25 דֶּ֔רֶךְ	case	from
24	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 דֶּ֔רֶךְ	det	the
25	דֶּ֔רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 תֵּ֤ט	obl	road
26	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 תֵּ֖לֶךְ	cc	and
27	תֵּ֖לֶךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֵּ֣רֶא	conj	it went
28	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	30 שָּׂדֶ֑ה	case	in
29	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	30 שָּׂדֶ֑ה	det	the
30	שָּׂדֶ֑ה	שָׂדֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 תֵּ֖לֶךְ	obl	field
31	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	32 יַּ֤ךְ	cc	and
32	יַּ֤ךְ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 תֵּ֣רֶא	conj	he struck
33	בִּלְעָם֙	בִּלְעָם	PROPN	_	32 יַּ֤ךְ	nsubj	Balaam
34	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	36 אָת֔וֹן	case	(et)
35	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	36 אָת֔וֹן	det	the
36	אָת֔וֹן	אָתוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	32 יַּ֤ךְ	obj	donkey
37	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	38 הַטֹּת	case	to
38	הַטֹּת	נָטָה	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	32 יַּ֤ךְ	advcl	turn
39	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 הַטֹּת	obj	it
40	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	41 דָּֽרֶךְ	det	the
41	דָּֽרֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 הַטֹּת	obl	road
42	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	41 דָּֽרֶךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
תֵּרֶא it saw	wayyiqtol · qal	אָתוֹן donkey	נִצָּב standing + שְׁלוּפָה [was] drawn
נִצָּב standing	participle active · niphal	מַלְאַךְ the angel
שְׁלוּפָה [was] drawn	participle passive · qal		חַרְבּ sword
תֵּט it turned aside	wayyiqtol · qal	אָתוֹן donkey
תֵּלֶךְ it went	wayyiqtol · qal	אָתוֹן donkey
יַּךְ he struck	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אָתוֹן donkey		בִּלְעָם Balaam
הַטֹּת turn	infinitive construct · hiphil	ָהּ it		בִּלְעָם Balaam

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַחֲזַת אֲתָּנָא יַת מַלְאָכָא דַיְיָ מְעַתַּד בְּאָרְחָא וְחַרְבֵּיהּ שְׁלִיפָא בִּידֵיהּ וּסְטַת אֲתָּנָא מִן אוֹרְחָא וַאֲזָלַת בְּחַקְלָא וּמְחָא בִּלְעָם יַת אֲתָּנָא לְאַסְטָיוּתַהּ לְאָרְחָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the ass saw the angel of the LORD standing in the way, with his sword drawn in his hand; and the ass turned aside out of the way, and went into the field; and Balaam smote the ass, to turn her into the way.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:793.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.23/