Numbers 22:31 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: LORD, angel, Balaam · What happens: open, see, stand, draw, bow, fall · To what, where: eyes, angel, way, sword, hand, head

This is Numbers 22:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, angel, Balaam — and what happens in the verse to eyes, angel, way, sword, hand, head, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְגַ֣ל יְהוָה֮ אֶת־עֵינֵ֣י בִלְעָם֒ וַיַּ֞רְא אֶת־מַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ נִצָּ֣ב בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וְחַרְבּ֥וֹ שְׁלֻפָ֖ה בְּיָד֑וֹ וַיִּקֹּ֥ד וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לְאַפָּֽיו׃

Then the LORD opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the angel of the LORD standing in the way, with his sword drawn in his hand; and he bowed his head, and fell on his face.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְגַ֣ל	cc	and
2	יְגַ֣ל	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he uncovered
3	יְהוָה֮	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יְגַ֣ל	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 עֵינֵ֣י	case	(et)
5	עֵינֵ֣י	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	2 יְגַ֣ל	obj	the eyes
6	בִלְעָם֒	בִּלְעָם	PROPN	_	5 עֵינֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Balaam
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יַּ֞רְא	cc	and
8	יַּ֞רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְגַ֣ל	conj	he saw
9	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 נִצָּ֣ב	case	(et)
10	מַלְאַ֤ךְ	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 נִצָּ֣ב	nsubj	the angel
11	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	10 מַלְאַ֤ךְ	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
12	נִצָּ֣ב	נָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	8 יַּ֞רְא	obj	standing
13	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 דֶּ֔רֶךְ	case	in
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 דֶּ֔רֶךְ	det	the
15	דֶּ֔רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 נִצָּ֣ב	obl	road
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 שְׁלֻפָ֖ה	cc	and
17	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 שְׁלֻפָ֖ה	nsubj	sword
18	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
19	שְׁלֻפָ֖ה	שָׁלַף	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	12 נִצָּ֣ב	conj	[was] drawn
20	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 יָד	case	in
21	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 שְׁלֻפָ֖ה	obl	hand
22	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 יָד	nmod:poss	his
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יִּקֹּ֥ד	cc	and
24	יִּקֹּ֥ד	קָדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְגַ֣ל	conj	he bowed low
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ	cc	and
26	יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ	חוה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=3	24 יִּקֹּ֥ד	conj	he bowed down
27	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	28 אַפָּֽי	case	to
28	אַפָּֽי	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	24 יִּקֹּ֥ד	obl	face
29	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 אַפָּֽי	nmod:poss	his
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְגַל he uncovered	wayyiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	עֵינֵי the eyes
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	בִלְעָם of Balaam	נִצָּב standing + שְׁלֻפָה [was] drawn
נִצָּב standing	participle active · niphal	מַלְאַךְ the angel
שְׁלֻפָה [was] drawn	participle passive · qal		חַרְבּ sword
יִּקֹּד he bowed low	wayyiqtol · qal	בִלְעָם of Balaam
יִּשְׁתַּחוּ he bowed down	wayyiqtol · hithpael	בִלְעָם of Balaam

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּגְלָא יְיָ יַת עֵינֵי בִלְעָם וַחֲזָא יַת מַלְאָכָא דַיְיָ מְעַתַּד בְּאָרְחָא וְחַרְבֵּיהּ שְׁלִיפָא בִידֵיהּ וּכְרַע וּסְגִיד לְאַפּוֹהִי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then the LORD opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the angel of the LORD standing in the way, with his sword drawn in his hand; and he bowed his head, and fell on his face.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:801.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.31/