Numbers 23:17 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: Balak, LORD · What happens: come, stand, offer, say, speak · To what, where: LORD · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Numbers 23:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Balak, LORD — and what happens in the verse to LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּבֹ֣א אֵלָ֗יו וְהִנּ֤וֹ נִצָּב֙ עַל־עֹ֣לָת֔וֹ וְשָׂרֵ֥י מוֹאָ֖ב אִתּ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ בָּלָ֔ק מַה־דִּבֶּ֖ר יְהוָֽה׃

And he came to him, and, lo, he stood by his burnt-offering, and the princes of Moab with him. And Balak said unto him: 'What hath the LORD spoken?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּבֹ֣א	cc	and
2	יָּבֹ֣א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he went
3	אֵלָ֗י	אֶל	ADP	_	4 ו	case	to
4	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יָּבֹ֣א	obl	him
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 נִצָּב֙	cc	and
6	הִנּ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	8 נִצָּב֙	nsubj	there
7	֤וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 הִנּ	nsubj	he
8	נִצָּב֙	נָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	2 יָּבֹ֣א	conj	[was] standing
9	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	10 עֹ֣לָת	case	with
10	עֹ֣לָת	עֹלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 נִצָּב֙	obl	offering
11	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 עֹ֣לָת	nmod:poss	his burnt
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 ֑וֹ	cc	and
13	שָׂרֵ֥י	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 ֑וֹ	nsubj	the leaders
14	מוֹאָ֖ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	13 שָׂרֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Moab
15	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	16 ֑וֹ	case	[were] with
16	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יָּבֹ֣א	conj	him
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
18	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּבֹ֣א	conj	he said
19	ל	לְ	ADP	_	20 וֹ֙	case	to
20	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	him
21	בָּלָ֔ק	בָּלָק	PROPN	_	18 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Balak
22	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	23 דִּבֶּ֖ר	obj	what?
23	דִּבֶּ֖ר	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	18 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	has he spoken
24	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	23 דִּבֶּ֖ר	nsubj	Yahweh
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּבֹא he went	wayyiqtol · qal
נִצָּב [was] standing	participle active · niphal	וֹ he
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	בָּלָק Balak
דִּבֶּר has he spoken	qatal · piel	יְהוָֽה Yahweh	מַה־ what?

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲתָא לְוָתֵיהּ וְהוּא מְעַתַּד עַל עֲלָתֵיהּ וְרַבְרְבֵי מוֹאָב עִמֵיהּ וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ בָּלָק מָה מַלִיל יְיָ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:828.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.23.17/