Deuteronomy 20:1 · JPS 1917
When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, thou shalt not be afraid of them; for the LORD thy God is with thee, who brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
Who acts: thou, LORD · What happens: go, battle, see, not be, be, bring up · To what, where: horses, thee, land
This is Deuteronomy 20:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 3 goest | mark |
| 2 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 goest | nsubj |
| 3 | goest | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 afraid | advcl |
| 4 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 3 goest | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 battle | mark |
| 6 | battle | battle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 goest | advcl |
| 7 | against | against | ADP | _ | 9 enemies | case |
| 8 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 9 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 battle | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 seest | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 seest | cc |
| 12 | seest | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 goest | conj |
| 13 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 seest | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 chariots | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 chariots | cc |
| 16 | chariots | chariot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 horses | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 people | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 people | cc |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 people | det |
| 20 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 horses | conj |
| 21 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 people | amod |
| 22 | than | than | ADP | _ | 23 thou | case |
| 23 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 more | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 afraid | punct |
| 25 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 afraid | nsubj |
| 26 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 29 afraid | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 afraid | advmod |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 afraid | cop |
| 29 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 them | case |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 afraid | obl |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 thee | punct |
| 33 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 40 thee | mark |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 LORD | det |
| 35 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 thee | nsubj |
| 36 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 37 God | nmod:poss |
| 37 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 LORD | appos |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 thee | cop |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 thee | case |
| 40 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 afraid | advcl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 brought | punct |
| 42 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 brought | nsubj |
| 43 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 thee | acl:relcl |
| 44 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 43 brought | obj |
| 45 | up | up | ADP | _ | 43 brought | compound:prt |
| 46 | out | out | ADP | _ | 49 land | case |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 land | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 land | det |
| 49 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 brought | obl |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 Egypt | case |
| 51 | Egypt | Egypt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 land | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert, polarity=none, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | present | thou | forth property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | battle | to-infinitive | thou not said here | against thine enemies | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | see | present | thou not said here | horses and chariots and a people | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horse=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | not is | shall | thou | of people; afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is | present | the LORD | with thee | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | bring up | past | thee | the land of Egypt | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent thou=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ ס֤וּס וָרֶ֙כֶב֙ עַ֚ם רַ֣ב מִמְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א מֵהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
Deuteronomy 20:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:DEU:542 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.542/